Energy Metabolism

Question 1

What is the immediate metabolic response to food?

Answer 1

1. Rise in blood glucose from the breakdown of carbohydrates.
2. Pancreas responds by producing insulin.
3. Glucose uptake by cells.

Question 2

What is the name of the glucose transporter on the pancreas that responds to a rise in blood glucose levels?

Answer 2

GLUT-2.

Question 3

Does GLUT-2 have a high or low affinity for glucose? What does this mean?

Answer 3

Low affinity - it will only transport glucose when it is at relatively high concentrations.

Question 4

List 2 places where the GLUT-4 transporter is found.

Answer 4

1. Skeletal muscle

2. Adipose tissue

Question 5

The GLUT-4 transporter is insulin sensitive, what does this mean?

Answer 5

In skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, the cells of these tissue add more GLUT-4 to their cell membrane in response to insulin.

Question 6

List 2 places the GLUT-1 glucose transporter is found. Does it have a high or low affinity for glucose?

Answer 6

Red blood cells and the brain. High affinity.

Question 7

What does the ‘kinase’ enzyme do as a general rule?

Answer 7

Adds phosphates to things.

Question 8

In what part of the mitochondria does the Krebs cycle occur?

Answer 8

Matrix.

Question 9

What is the name of the process that the mitochondria use to make ATP?

Answer 9

Oxidative phosphorylation.

Question 10

In the mitochondria, where is the electron transport chain located?

Answer 10

On the inner mitochondrial membrane.