energy & metabolism

Question 1

What is Gibbs’s free energy?

Answer 1

-energy available to do work (in a cell)

Question 2

what does it mean when G+?

Answer 2

-products have more free energy than reactants
-not spontaneous, required input of energy
-endergonic

Question 3

what does it mean when G-?

Answer 3

-products have less free energy than reactants
-spontaneous
-exergonic

Question 4

what is the activation energy?

Answer 4

-energy required to destabilize existing bonds in order to start a chemical reaction

Question 5

how can the rate of a reaction be increased?

Answer 5

1) increasing energy of reactants (heating)
2) lowering activation energy (enzymes)

Question 6

what is the metabolism?

Answer 6

total of all chemical reactions carried out by an organism

Question 7

what is ATP composed of?

Answer 7

-ribose sugar
-adenine
-chain of 3 phosphates

Question 8

what is the function of ATP?

Answer 8

-energy storage
-PO4 are - and strongly repel each other, therefore bonds are unstable and release energy when broken
-ATP have low activation energy
-not suitable for long-term energy storage; too unstable