Energy Production

Question 1

EXAM - What is the most versatile form of energy?

Answer 1

Electricity (usually created/generated from coal (carbon))

Question 2

Why are the oil companies resistant to change?

Answer 2

Because they know they won’t be part of that future.

Question 3

What are 4 challenges to energy production?

Answer 3

1. Big Energy Companies
   Meaning: Energy production is dominated by large companies that control how energy is generated and distributed. These companies often prioritize profit over sustainability.
2. Big Expense
   Meaning: Producing energy, especially from non-renewable sources (like fossil fuels), can be expensive. The costs can include infrastructure, extraction, and environmental impact.
3. Our Lifestyles Are Difficult to Run Under These
   Meaning: The way we live (with high energy demand for things like transportation, heating, and electronics) depends on energy that is expensive and often unsustainable.
4. Government
   Meaning: Governments are involved in energy production, often through regulation, subsidies, and policy decisions. But they may struggle with balancing energy needs with environmental concerns.

Question 4

What is oil spilling?

Answer 4

the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment. Consequences environment.

Question 5

Is world energy demand going up or down? In what part of the world?

Answer 5

It is increasing, and will increase the most in developing countries, as they are slowing turning to our lifestyle)

Question 6

Energy flows in…

Answer 6

ecological systems.

Question 7

What are two main impacts of our choice of energy?

Answer 7

Impact on
1. climate change
2. Biodiversity and species.

Question 8

what does “affluence is tied to energy” mean?

Answer 8

It means that societies or individuals tend to use more energy (USA à la tête de tous)

Question 9

What is Canada’s rank in energy consumption?

Answer 9

6th place in largest user of primary energy (commercially traded fuels!!).

Question 10

What is the main source of Canada’s energy? What is its energy demand? What is the main use for commercial energy?

Answer 10

Main source: fossil fuels, which represents 75% (combine natural gas and refined petroleum products) of energy demand.

The main use of commercial energy is for transportation: creates an efficiency paradox. 2 reasons for that paradox:

1.Vehicules are now more efficient, but also higher in number so…. c come si on contra left positive you know.

ex avant 1 voiture par famille, mtn 2/3 voir plus.

2. Vehicules now travel greater distances (because they are more efficient)

Question 12

What are 4 issues for Canada’s future energy choices?

Answer 12

1. Environmental
   oil production, nuclear energy, climate change
2. Social
   rights of indigenous populations
3. Economic
   contributions to local/regional economies
4. Sovereignty ( who has the ownership)
   arctic drilling (Arctic Drilling: As the Arctic ice melts due to climate change, previously inaccessible oil, gas, and mineral resources are becoming available for extraction. This has led to disputes over who owns the rights to extract these resources.)

Question 13

Where does energy come from ULTIMATELY?

Answer 13

THE SUN.

indirectly: photosynthesis -> biomass, fossil fuels (remains of carbon-based organisms)

directly: solar energy -> wind, hydrological cycle, heat energy

Question 14

Where does energy come from? Mention 3 other sources that have nothing to do with the sun

Answer 14

1. Tidal power
2. geothermal power
3. nuclear power

Question 15

What re 6 forms of renewable energy? What makes them renewable?

Answer 15

solar, wind, hydro, tidal, biomass and geothermal

Renewable energy forms are considered renewable because they come from natural sources that are replenished naturally and do not run out over time

Question 16

What are some advantages and disadvantages of renewable forms of energy? EXAM!!!

Answer 16

+ :
- se renouvelle in a matter of days (small scale)
- mass produced
- short time lay between design and manufacturing

• :
• dispersed
• expensive (more than coal, natural gas…)
• low energy value (low energy density in other words)
• storage (when the wind isn’t blowing, sun isn’t shining…)
• Energy Growth Demand:
  As populations and economies grow, energy demand increases. Renewable energy may struggle to keep up with this growth because:
  Some sources (like solar and wind) depend on weather conditions, making them less consistent.
  Building the infrastructure (e.g., solar farms, wind turbines) to meet large-scale demand takes time and resources.

Question 17

Because of those many disadvantages to renewable forms of energy, we continue to rely on…

Answer 17

Non-renewable forms of energy.

Question 18

What are 2 examples of non-renewables forms of energy? What are 3 issues?

Answer 18

Nuclear and fossil fuels.

Issues:
finite, polluting and health risks

Question 19

For the future, we need to uncouple energy from…

Answer 19

economic growth.

Question 20

Why can efficiency only go so far to reduce rise in energy rise?

Answer 20

Because of the efficiency paradox/rebound effect.

Question 21

What is the second largest reserve of petroleum in the world? What re two methods of recovery?

Answer 21

The Athabasca Oil Sands
(10-12 % bitumen mixed with sand, clay, silt and water)

Two methods of recovery:
1. Surface/Strip mining
- uses large amount of water/gas
- more productive than second method (90% of bitumen is recovered)

2. In-situ recovery/steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD):
   - More water/gas used
   - less productive (60-80% bitumen recovered)