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energy supply, demand, and storage planning Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of the following was the dominant energy source before the 19th century?

a. Coal
b. Oil
c. Biomass
d. Natural Gas

A

c. Biomass

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2
Q

What major innovation drove the widespread use of coal during the Industrial Revolution?

a. Internal combustion engine
b. Steam engine
c. Nuclear fission
d. Solar panels

A

b. Steam engine

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3
Q

Which century saw the rapid growth in energy consumption due to population and industrial expansion?

a. 17th Century
b. 18th Century
c. 19th Century
d. 20th Century

A

d. 20th Century

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4
Q

What is a primary energy source?

a. Electricity
b. Gasoline
c. Coal
d. Natural Gas

A

c. Coal

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5
Q

Which of the following is a secondary energy source?

a. Solar
b. Wind
c. Electricity
d. Natural Gas

A

c. Electricity

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6
Q

What are the three main stages of energy delivery?

a. Extraction, Transformation, Distribution
b. Generation, Transmission, Distribution
c. Capture, Conversion, Consumption
d. Production, Transportation, Utilization

A

b. Generation, Transmission, Distribution

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7
Q

Which fossil fuel is considered the “cleanest”?

a. Coal
b. Oil
c. Natural Gas
d. Uranium

A

c. Natural Gas

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8
Q

Which renewable energy source uses sunlight to generate electricity?

a. Wind
b. Hydropower
c. Solar
d. Geothermal

A

c. Solar

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9
Q

What is the process where uranium atoms are split to release heat for electricity generation?

a. Combustion
b. Nuclear fusion
c. Nuclear fission
d. Thermal conversion

A

c. Nuclear fission

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10
Q

What is a characteristic of nuclear energy?

a. High carbon emissions
b. Low output
c. High reliability
d. Variable availability

A

c. High reliability

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11
Q

What is a key environmental impact of fossil fuels?

a. Low emissions
b. Air and water pollution
c. Minimal land use
d. Habitat preservation

A

b. Air and water pollution

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12
Q

Which of the following is a challenge associated with nuclear energy?

a. Low capital cost
b. Management of radioactive waste
c. Minimal operating cost
d. High renewability

A

b. Management of radioactive waste

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13
Q

Which company is a major contributor to renewable energy globally?

a. Saudi Aramco
b. ExxonMobil
c. NextEra Energy
d. PetroChina

A

c. NextEra Energy

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14
Q

Which country is a top producer of coal?

a. United States
b. Saudi Arabia
c. China
d. Russia

A

c. China

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15
Q

Which sector includes energy for heating, cooling, and powering household appliances?

a. Commercial Sector
b. Industrial Sector
c. Transportation Sector
d. Residential Sector

A

d. Residential Sector

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16
Q

Which sector is primarily fueled by gasoline and diesel?

a. Commercial Sector
b. Industrial Sector
c. Transportation Sector
d. Residential Sector

A

c. Transportation Sector

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17
Q

What is a major challenge in the energy supply sector?

a. Low price volatility
b. High energy security
c. Supply chain constraints
d. Aging infrastructure

A

d. Aging infrastructure

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18
Q

What can lead to price spikes in the energy market?

a. Geopolitical instability
b. Abundant supply
c. Decreased demand
d. Stable regulations

A

a. Geopolitical instability

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19
Q

What complicates grid stability?

a. Modern infrastructure
b. Integration of intermittent renewable sources
c. Decreased reliance on digital technologies
d. Stable weather patterns

A

b. Integration of intermittent renewable sources

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20
Q

What is a key material shortage faced by the renewable energy sector?

a. Oil
b. Coal
c. Lithium
d. Natural Gas

A

c. Lithium

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21
Q

What is the main goal of sustainable energy?

a. Maximize fossil fuel use
b. Meet present needs without jeopardizing future generations
c. Increase carbon emissions
d. Deplete natural resources

A

b. Meet present needs without jeopardizing future generations

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22
Q

Why are renewable sources like solar and wind considered sustainable?

a. High carbon emissions
b. Natural replenishment
c. Finite resources
d. Complex waste management

A

b. Natural replenishment

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23
Q

Which energy source is debated in terms of sustainability due to waste management?

a. Solar
b. Wind
c. Nuclear
d. Hydropower

A

c. Nuclear

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24
Q

What shapes the energy sector in the Philippines?

a. Abundant fossil fuel reserves
b. Unique geography
c. Low power demand
d. Minimal renewable energy potential

A

b. Unique geography

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25
What is the Philippines heavily reliant on for power generation? a. Solar b. Wind c. Coal d. Geothermal
c. Coal
26
What program encourages renewable energy use among eligible consumers in the Philippines? a. National Electrification Program b. Green Energy Option Program (GEOP) c. Fossil Fuel Incentive Program d. Renewable Energy Export Program
b. Green Energy Option Program (GEOP)
27
Which entity manages the transmission of high-voltage electricity in the Philippines? a. Meralco b. National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP) c. Philippine Energy Corporation d. Department of Energy
b. National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP)
28
What is a significant untapped potential in the Philippines? a. Coal reserves b. Oil fields c. Renewable energy sources d. Natural gas deposits
c. Renewable energy sources
29
In the context of energy supply, what does "transmission" refer to? a. Conversion of energy into electricity b. Transporting high-voltage electricity over long distances c. Reducing voltage for local use
b. Transporting high-voltage electricity over long distances
30
What is the main function of substations in the energy supply system? a. Generate electricity b. Manage voltage changes c. Extract fossil fuels d. Store energy
b. Manage voltage changes
31
Which renewable energy source involves tapping into heat from beneath the Earth’s surface? a. Solar energy b. Wind energy c. Geothermal energy d. Hydropower
c. Geothermal energy
32
What is biomass energy? a. Energy from splitting uranium atoms b. Energy from capturing sunlight c. Energy from burning organic matter d. Energy from wind turbines
c. Energy from burning organic matter
33
What is a baseload capacity in the context of energy supply? a. Variable energy output b. Continuous operation with minimal interruptions c. High carbon emissions d. Dependence on weather conditions
b. Continuous operation with minimal interruptions
34
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of renewable energy sources? a. Low environmental impact b. Replenish over time c. High emissions d. Sustainable
c. High emissions
35
What is the primary use of oil as an energy source? a. Electricity generation b. Transportation c. Heating d. Cooking
b. Transportation
36
What is a significant challenge in integrating renewable energy sources like solar and wind into the grid? a. High reliability b. Consistent power output c. Intermittency
c. Intermittency
37
What does the acronym PEP stand for in the context of Philippine energy policy? a. Philippine Energy Program b. Philippine Energy Plan c. Philippine Electricity Policy d. Philippine Environmental Program
b. Philippine Energy Plan
38
What is the target contribution of coal to the primary energy mix by 2040, according to the Philippine Energy Plan (PEP) 2020-2040? a. 60% b. 29.1% c. 21.2% d. 15%
c. 21.2%
39
Which of the following is a major contributor to the industrial sector's energy consumption? a. Residential heating b. Transportation c. Machinery and industrial heating d. Office lighting
c. Machinery and industrial heating
40
What is one of the main challenges related to energy security? a. Abundance of fossil fuels b. Geopolitical instability c. Low demand for energy d. Decreasing reliance on digital technologies
b. Geopolitical instability
41
What is a potential consequence of underinvestment in traditional energy sources during the transition to renewables? a. Lower energy prices b. Increased energy security c. Price spikes d. Reduced reliance on digital technologies
c. Price spikes
42
What is a major concern regarding the increasing reliance on digital technologies in the energy sector? a. Decreased efficiency b. Vulnerability to cyberattacks c. Lower costs d. Reduced complexity
b. Vulnerability to cyberattacks
43
Which renewable energy source converts wind's kinetic energy into electricity? a. Solar b. Hydropower c. Wind d. Geothermal
c. Wind
44
What is a potential environmental impact of large-scale hydropower dams? a. Low emissions b. Ecosystem disruption c. Minimal land use d. Habitat preservation
b. Ecosystem disruption
45
What is the primary challenge associated with ocean energy? a. High operational emissions b. Limited locations c. Immature stage of development d. Low power generation potential
c. Immature stage of development
46
What is the main advantage of nuclear energy compared to fossil fuels? a. Lower capital cost b. Renewable resource c. Low carbon emissions d. No waste management issues
c. Low carbon emissions
47
Which of the following is a characteristic of centralized generation? a. Located far from energy sources b. Less efficient c. More cost-effective d. Decentralized systems
c. More cost-effective
48
Which factor most significantly affects energy use in the residential sector? a. Number of commercial buildings b. Climate and home size c. Industrial machinery d. Transportation needs
b. Climate and home size
49
What is the approximate annual energy consumption of the average U.S. household? a. 5,000 kWh b. 10,500 kWh c. 15,000 kWh d. 20,000 kWh
b. 10,500 kWh
50
What is a key challenge in ensuring grid reliability? a. Modern infrastructure b. Stable weather patterns c. Aging infrastructure d. Decreased reliance on renewable sources
c. Aging infrastructure
51
What is the purpose of the Renewable Energy Act of 2008 in the Philippines? a. To promote fossil fuel use b. To support the promotion of renewable energy c. To limit foreign investment d. To increase reliance on imported energy
b. To support the promotion of renewable energy
52
2.How does the Philippine government attract investment in renewable energy projects? a. By limiting foreign ownership b. By allowing up to 100% foreign ownership in renewable energy projects c. By increasing taxes on renewable energy projects d. By restricting access to renewable resources
b. By allowing up to 100% foreign ownership in renewable energy projects
53
What is a major environmental concern associated with coal? a. Low carbon emissions b. Minimal air pollution c. High levels of carbon dioxide emissions d. Habitat preservation
c. High levels of carbon dioxide emissions
54
Which of the following is an advantage of using natural gas? a. Highest carbon emissions among fossil fuels b. Fewer emissions than coal or oil c. Limited availability d. Difficult extraction process
b. Fewer emissions than coal or oil
55
What is a common issue related to the supply chain of renewable energy technologies? a. Abundance of key materials b. Decreased technology costs c. Shortages of key materials d. Minimal regulatory hurdles
c. Shortages of key materials
56
Which of the following is a characteristic of sustainable energy systems? a. Jeopardizing future generations' ability to meet their energy needs b. Transitioning to renewable energy c. Increasing reliance on fossil fuels d. Ignoring environmental impacts
b. Transitioning to renewable energy
57
What is the primary use of coal? a. Transportation b. Electricity generation c. Heating homes d. Production of plastics
b. Electricity generation
58
What is the role of First Gen Corporation in the Philippines energy sector? a. Manages only coal power plants b. Focuses solely on oil production c. Manages natural gas, geothermal, hydro, and wind projects d. Primarily involved in nuclear energy
c. Manages natural gas, geothermal, hydro, and wind projects
59
Which renewable energy source utilizes dams? a. Solar energy b. Wind energy c. Hydropower d. Geothermal energy
c. Hydropower
60
In what way does growing focus on climate change affect the energy mix? a. Drives rapid growth in solar and wind b. Increases reliance on coal c. Reduces energy efficiency efforts d. Slows down nuclear energy development
a. Drives rapid growth in solar and wind

MCQ (14 decks)

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