Energy Transfer p1

Question 1

What are the different types of energy stores?

Answer 1

> Kinetic Energy 
> Gravitational potential energy
> Thermal Energy 
> Elastic Potential Energy 
>chemical Energy
>nuclear energy

Question 2

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

Answer 2

K.E = 1/2mv^2

Question 3

what is the law of conservation of energy?

Answer 3

Energy can’t be created or destroyed. Can only be converted from one form to another

Question 4

what is work done?

Answer 4

work done is energy transferred

Question 5

what is a system?

Answer 5

A system is an object, place, a person (anything)

Question 6

what is a closed system?

Answer 6

when energy is unable to enter or leave the system so net change stays the same. Net change in energy is 0.

Question 7

What is hook’s law?

Answer 7

Force applied is proportional to the extension of the material until elastic limit

Question 8

What is the equation for gravitational potential energy?

Answer 8

Gpe=mass x height x gravitational field strength

Question 9

What is specific heat capacity?

Answer 9

Amount of energy needed to raise the temp of 1 kg of a substance by 1 degrees Celsius

Question 10

What is the formula for efficiency?

Answer 10

Useful energy/total energy x 100

Question 11

What is the formula for change in thermal energy?

Answer 11

Mass x specific heat capacity x change in temp

Question 12

What is power?

Answer 12

the rate at which work is being done

Question 13

what is conduction?

Answer 13

transfer of heat energy from a substance to another by direct contact

Question 14

what is radiation?

Answer 14

Transfer of energy in the forms of electromagnetic radiation

Question 15

what is convection?

Answer 15

Transfer of heat energy fromthrough a fluid caused by molecular motion

Question 16

what is thermal conductivity?

Answer 16

measure of how quickly heat energy is transferred through a material

Question 17

what is lubrication?

Answer 17

Used to reduce friction between the objects’ surfaces when they move- reduce the amount of energy lost as heat

Question 18

how do we insulate our homes?

Answer 18

to insulate our homes we use materials with low thermal conductivity to prevent excessive heat loss through

Question 19

what is the equation for elastic potential energy?

Answer 19

1/2 x spring constant x extension^2

Question 20

what are the many ways we can reduce heat loss from our homes?

Answer 20

Reducing heat loss through convection:
>Draught Excluders 
>Cavity Wall Insulation 
> Loft Insulation 
Reducing heat loss through conduction:
> Double Glazed Windows

Question 21

what is renewable energy?

Answer 21

energy source that can’t run out

Question 22

what is non renewable energy?

Answer 22

energy source that will run out eventually

Question 23

what is the equation for elastic potential energy?

Answer 23

E.P.E = 1/2 Spring constant x extension^2

Question 24

what are non renewable energy resources used for?

Answer 24

< Transportation e.g petrol, diesel (made from crude oil)

< Heating e.g natural gas, coal, electric heaters

Question 25

what are renewable energy resources used for?

Answer 25

< Transport (vehicles that run on bio-fuel) Geothermal: Heat pumps use geothermal energy to heat buildings. Water is pumped into the ground to be heated up and warm water is pumped out of the ground and is transferred into the water system of buildings for purpose of heating. -->Solar water heaters: They use the sun's energy to heat up the water. --->Bio-fuel: can be used to generate electricity to heat up buildings

Question 26

what are the advantages and disadvantages of using wind power?

Answer 26

Advantages: - ->No pollution - ->Cost effective - ->turning of the turbine generates electricity Disadvantages: - ->Spoils the view - ->Noise pollution - ->unpredictable, when wind stops electricity is not generated

Question 27

what are the advantages and disadvantages of using solar cells?

Answer 27

``` Advantages: -->Reliable source of energy -->No pollution -->Cost effective Disadvantages: -->unreliable in cloudy countries e.g UK -->unable to produce energy in the night ```

Question 28

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using geothermal energy?

Answer 28

``` Advantages: -->reliable source of energy -->No pollution -->Cost effective Disadvantages: -->only suitable in certain locations e.g near volcanoes (Iceland) ```

Question 29

what are the advantages and disadvantages of using hydro electric power?

Answer 29

``` Advantages: -->cost effective -->reliable source of energy Disadvantages: -->Releases methane and carbon dioxide -->flooding may cause loss in habitat for some species ```

Question 30

what are the advantages and disadvantages of using wave power?

Answer 30

``` Advantages: --> no pollution --> cost effective disadvantages: -->Unreliable (waves die when wind drops) -->spoils the view -->hazard to boats -->disturbs habitats of marine animals ```

Question 31

what are the advantages and disadvantages of using tidal barrages?

Answer 31

Advantages: -->No pollution -->Reliable source of energy Disadvantages: does not work when water level is the sames at either sides -->lower tides provides less energy than bigger spring tides

Question 32

what are the advantages and disadvantages of using bio-fuels?

Answer 32

``` Advantages: -->reliable source of energy -->minimal running costs Disadvantages: --.>high cost to refine bio-fuel -->decaying and burning release carbon dioxide ---> takes space for crop production ```

Question 33

what are the advantages and disadvantages of using non-renewables?

Answer 33

``` Advantages: -->very reliable -->cost effective Disadvantages: -->burning fossil fuels contributes to global warming -->coal mining ruins the view -->releases sulphur dioxide (acid rain) ```

Question 34

what are some of the reasons people use renewable energy resources?

Answer 34

- ->renewable energy damages environment less than non renewable - ->pressure from other countries and public meant government have began to introduce targets which then puts pressure on energy providers to introduce power plants using renewable resources to ensure no business and money lost

Question 35

what is the formula for power?

Answer 35

power = work done / time

Question 36

what is power measured in?

Answer 36

watts

Question 37

What is the formula for efficiency?

Answer 37

Useful energy output /total energy output

Question 38

Why is touching a live wire dangerous?

Answer 38

Touching a live wire causes a current to flow through you causing a large electrical shock which can injure or kill