Energy Transformations Flashcards
(33 cards)
what is energy?
the ability to cause change
what is kinetic energy?
energy due to motion
what 2 factors does kinetic energy depend upon?
speed and mass
does speed or mass have a greater effect for kinetic energy?
speed
what is potential energy?
stored energy due to the interactions between objects or particles
what is gravitational potential energy?
energy stored in an object due to the objects mass and height above the ground
what effects GPE?
the objects weight and height
how does GPE become kinetic?
when you drop the item
examples of GPE
wrecking ball, object on a shelf
what is elastic potential energy?
stored energy when an object is compressed or stretched
how do you create/increase EPE?
when you stretch or compress an object
how does EPE become kinetic energy?
when you release the object
examples of EPE
a compressed spring, stretched rubber band
what is chemical potential energy?
stored energy in chemical bonds
how is CPE created?
since it’s stored in between the bonds
how does CPE become kinetic energy?
when the bonds are broken
examples of CPE
digestion, walking, thinking, burning fuel, chemical reactions
what is work
the transfer of energy that occurs when a force is applied over a distance
what factors does work depend upon?
force and distance
how do we measure work?
Joules
when is the only time work is done?
if the object is in motion and has energy
the total energy of an object or group of objects due to the large-scale motions and interactions
mechanical energy
what do machines do to mechanical energy?
they transfer energy
example of mechanical energy
shooting a basketball
