Energy Unit

Question 1

energy

Answer 1

the ability to do work or make things happen

Question 2

What are the two types of energy?

Answer 2

potential and kinetic energy

Question 3

Kinetic energy

Answer 3

moving energy

Question 4

Potential energy

Answer 4

stored energy; anything that has mass and takes up space has this type of energy

Question 5

What are the 5 forms of energy?

Answer 5

M.E.L.T.S. Mechanical, Electrical, Light, Thermal or Heat, and Sound Energy: forms are specific types of energy

Question 6

Is transferring energy the same thing as transforming it?

Answer 6

No, transfer means to move it from one place to another. Transform means to convert it or change it to another form of energy.

Question 7

Does toilet paper have energy?

Answer 7

Yes, it has mass and takes up space, and it has the “potential” to be thrown, kicked, slid…

Question 8

Mechanical Energy

Answer 8

form of energy that is the sum of potential and kinetic energy; the energy of moving parts examples might be: swinging a hammer, pedaling a bike, running…

Question 9

Electrical Energy

Answer 9

electricity ( the flow of electrons); energy contained within an electrical field

Question 10

conductors

Answer 10

items that allow heat and electricity to flow easily through them

Question 11

Examples of good conductors

Answer 11

metals (copper, aluminum, silver)

Question 12

Examples of good insulators

Answer 12

air, glass, plastic, and rubber

Question 13

insulators

Answer 13

materials that heat or electricity don’t flow easily through

Question 14

T or F Good insulators are bad conductors.

Answer 14

True. Good conductors are also bad insulators. Certain materials are better for heat or electricity to move through. Oftentimes, copper wire is coated in plastic, so we don’t get electrocuted nor burnt.

Question 15

T or F Electricity can be stored, but not transferred.

Answer 15

False. Static electricity is electricity that has been stored and released due to an imbalance of electrons. Electricity can be transferred from one object to another or from place to place.

Question 16

electric current

Answer 16

the movement of charges

Question 17

electric circuit

Answer 17

the path for moving charges; can be open or closed

Question 18

closed circuit

Answer 18

a complete or closed path that current can flow through

Question 19

open circuit

Answer 19

an incomplete or open path that current cannot flow through

Question 20

Light Energy

Answer 20

energy that you can see; it travels in waves

Question 21

How do we create different colors?

Answer 21

shorter or longer wavelengths

Question 22

How do we change the brightness of a color?

Answer 22

taller or shorter amplitudes of waves

Question 23

Light Energy Examples

Answer 23

We have man-made and natural light resources.
Man-made: light bulb, fire, car headlights
Natural: Sunlight, stars

Question 24

Heat Energy

Answer 24

energy that you can feel. It is associated with temperature and the movement of atoms in matter; it also travels in waves

Question 25

cold

Answer 25

slower vibrations with few gaps; they clump or group together

Question 26

hot

Answer 26

faster vibrations with gaps; they spread out more and want their space

Question 27

vibrate

Answer 27

move back and forth quickly

Question 28

heat

Answer 28

the transfer of thermal energy

Question 29

temperature

Answer 29

how warm or cool something is

Question 30

heating

Answer 30

adding or transferring thermal energy to a substance

Question 31

cooling

Answer 31

removing heat from a substance

Question 32

What are the three states of matter?

Answer 32

Solid, liquid, gas; how matter decides to take up space

Question 33

Solid

Answer 33

particles are packed closely together and have a fixed shape and volume

Question 34

Liquid

Answer 34

particles that can move freely and take up the space of the container, and the volume always stays the same

Question 35

Gas

Answer 35

can change its volume and shape; lots of separation, and they can move like crazy

Question 36

Melting

Answer 36

when something changes from a solid to a liquid; think of a melting ice cube

Question 37

Condensation

Answer 37

when something changes from a gas to a liquid; think of a glass sweating

Question 38

Evaporation

Answer 38

when something changes from a liquid to a gas; water boils and disappears into the air

Question 39

Freezing

Answer 39

when something changes from a liquid to a solid; like making ice cubes ( pour water, then put it into the freezer)

Question 40

T or F Heat transfers or moves from something hot to something cold.

Answer 40

True. Think about when Harry's hand got burned. The heat from the doorknob went to his hand which was colder than the doorknob and burnt it.

Question 41

What are the three ways that heat energy can be transferred?

Answer 41

conduction, convection, radiation

Question 42

Conduction

Answer 42

heat energy is transferred by direct contact; this is why you don't touch your mom's hair straightener or iron on the metal

Question 43

Convection

Answer 43

heat energy is transferred in liquid or gas through a continuous cycle or circular motion as temperatures change; the energy travels away from the heat source

Question 44

Radiation

Answer 44

heat transfer through waves without direct contact (in-direct contact)

Question 45

As temperature increases...

Answer 45

kinetic energy increases, or more heat equals more moving energy

Question 46

Mrs. C took her pan of hot cookies out of the oven and forgot her pot holder. She burned her hands. Was she burnt due to conduction or radiation?

Answer 46

Conduction. I was in direct contact with that pan. I should have used a pot holder as an insulator to block the heat.

Question 47

Sound Energy

Answer 47

energy that we can hear; sound is created with vibrations

Question 48

T or F Sound waves travel in one direction.

Answer 48

False. Sound waves travel in all directions.

Question 49

T or F Sound waves need air or water to travel through.

Answer 49

True. Without air or some other type of medium, we wouldn't have sound. This is why we can't hear a BOOM in space. Sound waves can't travel through empty space without particles of some sort.

Question 50

The faster an object is going...

Answer 50

the more energy it possesses.

Question 51

Batteries

Answer 51

store energy & change it from one form of energy to another

Question 52

solar cell

Answer 52

converts light energy to electrical energy

Question 53

T or F Heat, light, and sound can transfer energy from place to place.

Answer 53

True. All of these use waves to transfer energy.