England V Spain Flashcards
(22 cards)
What year was the treaty of Joinville and what was it?
1584
France and Spain joined forces against Protestantism
What was the treaty of nonsuch in what year was it?
1585
Elizabeth takes over the protection of the Netherlands
Paid an army of 7400 to be sent to help the rebels
Brill and flushing used as bases for English soldiers
Significant because Elizabeth gets land in the Netherlands and it’s the first time she agrees to send an English army 
What did Robert Dudley do in the Netherlands in 1585 to 1587?
Sent to lead the English campaign
Elizabeth wanted Netherlands to rule (Philip still King) but Dudley accepted the title of Governor general of the Netherlands
He prevented the Spanish from taking any deep water ports
English captain defected to the Spanish and gave them the fort of zuphen
What was Elizabeth’s foreign policy?
To improve the economy
Protecting English borders
Protect the throne
Avoid war
What did Drake do in the New World from 1570 to 1580
1570-captured Spanish ships
1572-stole £40,000 of Spanish silver
1573-returned without welcome
1577 -captured gold silver and spices also attacked Spanish colonies
1580 -stole £400,000 in Spanish treasure, planted Spanish port, got knighted on the golden hind
What year was the raid on Cadiz
1587
What was the raid on Cadiz
Drake destroyed their ships been damaged over 100+ ships
Delayed Armada by one year
Reason why this Spain and English relationship deteriorated
Mary Queen has got execution
Elizabeth allowed sea beggars to shelter in her ports
Elizabeth denied Phillips proposal
Religious settlement 1559
Spain involved in plots to overthrow Elizabeth
Elizabeth stole the Genoese loan
England traded in the New World
Drake’s actions
England supported Dutch revolt (sent mercenary John Kazmeier +6000 troops and £100,000)
England band trading in Netherlands
Spanish fury
Spain and France treaty of Joinville
How was England involved in the Dutch revolt?
Sent mercenary John casmir +6000 troops and £100,000
What were the four key reasons of the Spanish Armada?
Religion
Power
Spain’s growing strength
Elizabeth provocation of Philip
What year was the Spanish armada?
1588
What was the first plant of the Spanish armada
- Armarda will sale through the channel too Calais
- Duke of Plama will March 20,000 troops from Netherlands to meet at Calais 
- palmer’s army will be buried over to England protected by big ships of the Armada.
- Spanish fleet land in Kent and March to London.
- English Catholics will rise up and Elizabeth will surrender.
What actually happened at the Spanish armada?
- 12th of July Armada set sail
- English saw Armada and chased them up the channel.
- 27th July Armada anchor near Calais English sent fire ships into the armada they panicked and fled
- 28th of July English attack near Gravelines Spanish soldiers left in Netherlands.
- Armada sale around Scotland but weakend by storm
6 attacked at Ireland - September only half of the Armada returned to Spain.
What were the six key reasons for the failure of the armada?
English ship design
Spanish supplies
English tactics
Planning and communication issues
Battle of grave lines
The weather
Why was English ship designs a reason for the failure of the Spanish Armada?
Ships were fast and manoeuverable
Cannons mounted on smaller gun carriages meaning more space for cannons
More cannons fast faster
Had 24 galleons
This meant we could attack Spanish more than they could attack us and English ships could escape before Spain fired back
Why was Spanish supplies one of the reasons for the failure of the Spanish armada?
Supplies stored in poor quality wood barrels
Sailing for 10 weeks so the food started to rot
Low on cannonballs
This month soldiers were already becoming weak. They couldn’t fight as much as England.
Why was English tactics one of the reasons for the failure of the Spanish Armada?
English ships in Plymouth had captured to Spanish ships
England were able to fire six times more cannbals and from further away
This means England were able to fire quicker and cause more damage Spain also waited in Calais making them vulnerable
Why was Spanish planning and communication issues one of the reasons for failure of the Spanish Armada?
Duke of palmer didn’t control any deep seaport so had to use smaller ships which took 48 hours to get ready
Communication was weak and unreliable at sea it took a week for the Armada to tell Palmer they were ready, which was already too late
This meant working together was less effective and made them weaker. Small ships spent it would take longer to ferry over soldiers.
Why was the Battle of Gravelines one of the reasons for failure of the Spanish Armada?
English sent fire ships which caused chaos and scattered Spanish ships
They had to fight without Duke of Palmer‘s man
Galleons were much better
Spain forced to flea
How many ships and soldiers did Spain lose in the Spanish Armada?
63 ships
1500 soldiers
How many soldiers did England lose in the Spanish Armada?
100
Why was weather one of the reasons for failure of the Spanish armada
Gail forced wind caused the most destruction to the Spanish ships as they retreated home
Thousands of Spanish sailors lost
England made medal, which said God blew and they were scattered
This meant destroyed ships and crashed in Ireland where they were attacked further 
