English Flashcards
(291 cards)
1
Q
Something extra that you don’t really need.
A
a redundancy
2
Q
When something changes quickly and unpredictably — usually in a bad or risky way.
A
a volatility
3
Q
Shown or described clearly, especially in a picture or story.
A
Depicted
4
Q
A judgment or evaluation of something.
A
an Assessment
5
Q
The style of letters and numbers you see when reading or typing.
A
a font
6
Q
The way things are arranged on a page, screen, or space.
A
a layout
7
Q
A movement of your hand or body that shows what you feel or mean.
A
a gesture
8
Q
An unfair preference for or against something or someone.
A
a bias
9
Q
Things happening one right after another without a break.
A
Consecutive
10
Q
One thing causes another thing to happen.
A
Cause and effect relationship
11
Q
To break into small pieces or slowly fall apart.
A
to crumble
12
Q
Very deep or meaningful.
A
Profound
13
Q
To follow or stick to something (a rule, plan, or surface).
A
To adhere to
14
Q
A word that connects two parts of a sentence.
A
a conjunction
15
Q
To officially choose or name something.
A
to designate
16
Q
To leave something out (on purpose or by accident).
A
To ommit
17
Q
To lead, organize, or do something (like an activity or experiment).
A
To conduct
18
Q
Something that balances or reduces the effect of something else.
A
an offset
19
Q
Clean, organized, or cool.
A
Neat
20
Q
I really appreciate it — I don’t assume it will always be there.
A
I dont take it for granted
21
Q
When something doesn’t work the way it’s supposed to.
A
a malfunction
22
Q
Being open, honest, and clear about something.
It can also mean you can see through something (like clear plastic).
A
a transparency
23
Q
To hide or make something hard to see or understand.
A
To obscure
24
Q
Inside a building
A
Indoor
25
Able to take care of yourself without help.
Self-sufficient
26
Something you give or do to help.
a contribution
27
To speak angrily to someone because they did something wrong.
To scold
28
To make something better, clearer, or more polished
to refine
29
On the outside or from outside.
External
30
Too much of something.
Exessive
31
Almost everyone or almost everything — a large percentage.
Vast majority
32
To give the wrong idea or impression — often on purpose.
To mislead
33
A large number of people or things coming in at once.
an Influx
34
A hidden problem or danger that’s easy to fall into.
a Pitfall
35
To notice, see, or understand something (can be physical or emotional).
To perceive
36
A short phrase that you live by — your personal rule or belief.
a life motto
37
Big, heavy, slow, or awkward to deal with.
Cumbersome
38
To match up, agree, or be in the same direction.
To align
39
Annoying, but usually in a small or playful way.
Pesky
40
A perfect example of something — worth copying.
Exemplary
41
To slowly reduce or cut something down in size, number, or amount.
To whittle
42
To weaken something or make it less effective, often secretly or subtly.
Undermine
43
On purpose, with intention.
Deliberetly
44
People or groups who have an interest in something, especially a project or decision.
Stakeholders
45
I don’t know much about it or I’m not very skilled in it.
I am not well-versed in it
46
A short, popular phrase that’s easy to remember, often used in advertising or by famous people.
a catchphrase
47
Something that is meant to be used once and then thrown away.
Disposable
48
To make someone or something more likely to fail (either on purpose or unintentionally).
To set up
49
Harmful substances or waste that damage the environment.
a Pollution
50
something understood without being directly stated.
something stated clearly and directly.
Implicit and explicit
51
To change something so it’s not true or not clear — often in a misleading way.
To distort
52
To grab something quickly and suddenly, often in a way that’s forceful or unexpected.
To snatch
53
Something that comes before the main event or action — like an introduction or early step.
Preliminary
54
Stiff or not flexible — not willing to change or bend.
Rigid
55
To make something less severe or easier to deal with — usually pain or stress.
To alleviate
56
To measure, estimate, or assess something.
to gauge
57
To come together from different directions or points.
To converge
58
To create or make something, especially something artistic or organized.
To compose
59
To make something seem less important, useful, or valuable.
To devalue
60
To stop something from happening or make it harder.
To get involved in something in a way that’s unhelpful.
To interrupt or cause problems in someone’s peace or focus.
To stop someone from speaking or doing something by speaking or acting suddenly.
to hinder/interfere/disturb/to interrupt
61
A tool used to measure length or distance, often a straight piece of material with markings.
a Ruler
62
To a certain degree, but not completely.
To some extent
63
Something that comes from or is based on something else. It means something has its origin in something else.
Derived
64
A small part that’s left after the rest is gone.
a remnant
65
Something that’s everywhere — very common.
Ubiquitous
66
Someone or something responsible for a problem or crime.
a culprit
67
A difference or inconsistency between two things that should be the same.
a discrepancy
68
For this reason, or because of that.
hence
69
In contrast to, or instead of.
as opposed to
70
To look like or be similar to something or someone.
To resemble
71
To limit
To restrict/ To constrain
72
To approve of or support something publicly.
To endorse
73
Not deep or focused on only the surface.
Superficial
74
To change frequently or in an unpredictable way.
to fluctuate
75
This means getting a shock or injury from electricity.
I got electrocuted
76
Very busy, stressful, or chaotic, usually with a lot going on at once.
hectic
77
Money or something owed to someone else.
a debt
78
Something that’s cheesy, old-fashioned, or too emotional in a way that feels over-the-top or silly.
Corny
79
Something that is suitable, correct, or fitting for a situation.
Appropriate
80
A tool that you use to lift or move something with a simple push or pull.
To use something to its best advantage, especially to get a stronger result.
a lever, to leverage
81
When you’re given the choice or freedom to decide what’s best
At your discretion
82
A conclusion or assumption made based on evidence or reasoning.
an Inference
83
Based on random choice, personal whim, or without a reason.
arbitrary
84
Rude, disrespectful, or showing a lack of respect for authority.
Insolent
85
Brave, confident, and willing to take risks.
Bold
86
Someone who says one thing but does the opposite
a hypocrite
87
A way of expressing something "for each person" or "per individual."
per capita
88
Intentionally harmful or mean.
malicious
89
To find a way around a rule, law, or obstacle, usually by clever or sneaky means.
to circumvent
90
To turn to a particular course of action, especially when other options are not working.
to resort
91
The inside part of your hand, or a tree that produces coconuts.
a palm
92
To make something seem less important or serious than it is.
To downplay
93
To relax, especially after being tense or nervous.
To loosen up
94
A casual way to say “forget about it” or “I’m giving up on it.”
Screw it
95
To stay close or above something, usually in a way that’s constant or persistent.
to hover over
96
To say something quickly and without thinking, or literally eject something from your mouth.
To spit out
97
the way you hold or position your body.
a posture
98
To give something time to be understood or to settle in.
Let it land
99
A portable light that you carry around, often used in the dark.
a flashlight
100
To push through your own doubts, fears, or limitations.
to overcome yourself
101
To commit even more strongly to a decision or plan, especially after criticism or risk.
To double down
102
To work hard, move fast, or try to succeed with a lot of energy.
To hustle
103
A false belief, especially something someone believes strongly but isn’t true.
a delusion
104
Greatest, highest, or most extreme level.
Utmost
105
Unable to hear.
deaf
106
Even though something happened or is true, something else still happens.
in spite of that
107
The upper part of your face, above your eyebrows.
a forehead
108
Not obvious, very slight or delicate.
Elegant, complex, or refined.
Subtle/Sophisticated
109
Clear and logical; easy to understand or follow.
coherent
110
To roughly plan or outline something, not in full detail.
to sketch out
111
To reduce the number of possibilities or options.
to narrow down
112
Having light (blonde or golden) hair.
Fair haired
113
To stop something from being expressed or happening.
To suppress
114
Easily hurt or affected (emotionally or physically).
Vulnerable
115
To accept something unpleasant because you can't change it.
to resign yourself to the fact that...
116
A pushcart used to carry babies or toddlers.
Baby stroller
117
A disease that will end in death.
Terminally ill/fatal disease
118
Literally = to extinguish flames.
Figuratively = to solve a serious problem.
To put out the fire
119
To strongly want something (often food or attention).
to crave
120
To suggest something without saying it directly.
To imply
121
To slowly leak or flow through something.
To seep
122
blood flow to the brain is blocked
A stroke
123
To happen at the same time as something else.
To coincide with
124
Easy to trick or fool.
Guliable
125
To officially cancel something (like a license or permission).
To revoke
126
A shortened form of words
a contraction
127
Very big or great.
Immense
128
Let’s stop chatting and focus on the important stuff.
Let's get down to business.
129
To fully understand an idea.
To grasp the concept
130
That’s not related to what we’re talking about.
That has nothing to do with the matter.
131
Able to work well together without conflict.
compatible
132
Just by pure chance — nothing else.
By sheer luck
133
Easy to understand or connect with personally.
Relatable
134
Often means to secretly place something (e.g., drugs, evidence).
To plant some substance
135
Unavoidable, bound to happen.
Inevitable
136
To say or do the opposite of something.
to contradict
137
I prefer or I tend to choose...
I lean towards...
138
Where bees live
Shared group thinking.
A hive
A hive mind
139
To feel completely hopeless or give up emotionally.
To fall into despair
140
To drive someone somewhere.
to give a ride
141
Wanting to get back at someone who hurt you.
Revengeful
142
A small chain or ring that holds your keys together.
A key chain
143
Literally: a male friend or brother by blood oath.
Figuratively: a very close, loyal male friend.
Blood brother
144
The most personal, secret, or deep part of something or someone.
Innermost
145
A sudden loss of consciousness.
A faint
146
Descriptions that are creative, expressive, and imaginative — not plain or boring.
artistic descriptions
147
An unwanted escape of liquid or gas.
a leakage
148
Feeling fun, silly, or in the mood to joke.
a playful mood
149
A school or class for very young children (usually age 5 or under).
A kindergarten
150
To strongly suggest or encourage someone to do something.
To urge
151
A word or expression that is negative or insulting.
Pejorative
152
To intentionally allow an opponent to win
To throw
153
To say the same thing again (sometimes by accident).
To repeat yourself
154
Easily offended or sensitive.
Touchy
155
Something that belongs to someone.
a possession
156
is included in the category of
To come under
157
to introduce or include someone in something private or secret
To initiate
158
Providing extra help or support.
Auxiliary
159
Land or buildings someone owns
A quality or trait of something.
A property
160
A room below a building, usually used for storage (like wine or food).
A cellar
161
To visit quickly or casually.
To swing(swung, swung) by
162
Overall; considering everything.
All In all
163
Blocked or too full (can be used for traffic or your nose).
Congested
164
To choke someone by squeezing their neck.
to strangle/ to choke
165
The act of sticking your finger in your nose (usually considered gross).
Nose picking
166
When your nose is blocked (from cold or allergies).
A stuffy nose
167
Someone who prefers to be alone.
A loner
168
Thankful; feeling appreciation.
Grateful
169
A sticky substance used to join things.
A glue
170
Secured using tape.
Taped down
171
The electricity stopped working.
The power went out
172
A barrier (often wooden or metal) around an area.
A fence
173
To surround or put something inside.
To enclose
174
Switching back and forth between two options.
Alternately
175
Extremely beautiful, delicate, or excellent.
Exquisite
176
Easily annoyed or frustrated.
Irritable
177
Do something unpleasant so it’s done and you don’t have to worry.
Get it over with
178
Stop being upset about something.
Get it over it
179
To have a good relationship with someone.
to get along with
180
Able to spread (like a disease or a mood)
Contagious
181
A rough or scratchy voice, usually from shouting or being sick.
Hoarse voice
182
Breathing heavily after physical effort.
Out of breath
183
Emotionally touching or deeply moving (often sad).
Poignant
184
To resist/survive
To extend something
To hold out
185
Can't be found; has disappeared.
Is not anywhere to be seen
186
To push something or someone roughly.
To shove
187
To close tightly (especially fists, jaw, or teeth).
To clench
188
The part of the body between the chest and hips.
A waist
189
Without success
Vain
190
A way to say you’re serious or promise something.
Cross my heart
191
To extinguish a flame by blowing.
To blow out
192
To extinguish (a candle, or figuratively — like ending a life or hope).
To snuff out
193
A person who breaks into a place to steal.
a burglar
194
A sudden, impulsive decision or desire.
A whim
195
Stay aware
A warning or notification of danger.
An alert
196
Not literally — using imagery or metaphor.
Figuratively
197
Unusual in a fun, interesting way.
quirky
198
A long-handled tool with bristles at one end, used to sweep up dirt, dust, and debris from surfaces.
A flat, scooped surface used to collect the dirt and debris that has been swept up by the broom. It usually has a handle for easy use.
Dustpan and broom
199
to put clothes, shoes, or accessories on your body to see if they fit or look good.
to try on
200
A small hair that grows on the edge of your eyelids.
an eyelash
201
The thin fold of skin that covers and protects your eye. You can open and close it to blink or sleep.
an eyelid
202
To make a firm decision to do something and give it your full effort, time, or attention.
To commit yourself
203
Painful or aching, usually because of an injury, overuse, or irritation.
Sore
204
A practice session before a performance — like for a play, concert, speech, or event.
Rehearsal
205
To handle something clumsily or awkwardly, usually because you're nervous, unsure, or can’t see well.
To fumble
206
A thin tube you use to drink liquids.
The dry stems left over after crops like wheat or barley are harvested.
A straw
207
It was the final small thing that made you lose your patience or finally react — because many things had already gone wrong before it.
It was the last straw
208
to give your time, energy, or attention to something or someone, often with love, care, or strong commitment.
To devote
209
relevant or suitable in a particular situation.
applicable
210
to clean a surface, typically a floor, by using a broom or similar tool to gather dirt, dust, or debris and move it to a designated area (like a dustpan)
To sweep (swept, swept)
211
scattered pieces or fragments of something that has been broken, damaged, or discarded. It can include waste materials, rubble from construction or destruction, fallen tree branches, and various types of litter.
A debris
212
something that has been thrown away, abandoned, or no longer wanted. It refers to items or materials that are deemed useless or unnecessary, leading them to be disposed of.
Discarded
213
short, stiff hairs or fibers that are typically used in brushes.
Bristles
214
a small bump on the skin that happens when pores get blocked with oil, dead skin, and bacteria.
A pimple
215
a very strong snowstorm with high winds and low visibility.
A blizzard
216
a small body of still water, smaller than a lake. It can be natural or man-made, and it's often found in gardens, parks, or the countryside.
a pond
217
to fix or repair something that is broken or damaged — usually something small or soft, like clothes, relationships, or a bike tire.
to mend
218
a burning feeling in your chest, usually just behind your breastbone. It happens when stomach acid flows back up into your esophagus (the tube that connects your mouth to your stomach).
a heartburn
219
pieces of cloth that hang in front of a window to block light or for decoration.
a curtains
220
to make something better, more valuable, or more meaningful by adding something to it.
to enrich
221
a small pool of liquid, usually water, that collects on the ground.
a puddle
222
to rent out your own property
to let
223
to rent out the property you are already renting
to sublet
224
someone who lives somewhere — like in a town, city, country, island, or even a forest.
an Inhabitant
225
To have a sensation on the skin, that causes desire to scratch the affected area
To itch
226
A heavy load or weight. Physically or metaphorically.
A burden
227
To give a general description or plan of something, without going into too much detail.
to outline
228
To make something smaller, weaker, or less important.
to lessen/ to ease
229
A bright, blinding light
a glare
230
The highest point or peak of something.
a crest
231
The central or most important part of something
In computing, the core of an operating system
a kernel
232
It’s like jumping, but usually higher or farther than a normal jump.
to leap
233
to begin with a short run or sprint in order to gain speed or momentum before doing something—usually a jump or another action that requires extra power.
to take a running start
234
Decorative wall covering
a wallpaper
235
to make a loud, sucking noise while eating or drinking, often associated with consuming liquids like soup or beverages. It can imply enjoying the food or drink enthusiastically. The term can also be used in a playful context or to describe a person who eats or drinks in a messy or noisy way.
To slurp
236
a condition or trait that is present at birth
Congenital
237
To speak with involuntary pauses or repetitions of sounds, syllables or words.
to stutter
238
you hurt it by twisting it too far. Usually it’s a joint like your ankle or wrist.
to sprain
239
being weak, not well, or physically impaired, often due to age or illness. It can describe someone who is frail or has a long-term health issue.
Infirm
240
to fall or drop heavily or suddenly. It can refer to a physical position, like sitting or standing in a drooping manner, or it can describe a decline in performance, value, or success, such as in business sales or sports performance.
To slump
241
a place people visit for rest, recreation, and entertainment during the summer months. It typically has facilities and services geared toward vacationers—think hotels, beaches or pools, restaurants, and activities like boating or hiking.
a summer resort
242
a small room or space in a home where food, dishes, linens, and provisions are stored. It's typically used for storing non-perishable food items like canned goods, dry goods, and snacks. Some pantries may also include shelves for organizing cooking supplies and ingredients.
A pantry
243
To cause a sharp, sudden pain, usually with a small pointed object or part — often by an insect or plant.
to sting (stung, stung)
244
a willingness to take bold risks or show a lack of fear in challenging situations. It can also refer to a certain rudeness or disrespect, especially when it comes to being overly bold or insolent. In a positive sense, it can signify courage and bravery in pursuing one's goals or expressing one's ideas.
An Audacity
245
to admit that you have done something wrong or to confess to something you’ve been hiding.
to fess up
246
a short piece of written text—usually a paragraph or a few paragraphs—taken from a book, article, story, or other written material.
a passage
247
to break open or apart suddenly and violently, often because of pressure.
To burst
248
A physical break or tear in something solid or continuous, often occurring suddenly due to pressure or force.
a rupture
249
A group of similar cells in an organism that work together to perform a specific function.
a tissue
250
to make a liquid less concentrated or to reduce the strength, intensity, or purity of something by adding another substance (often a solvent) or element.
to dilute
251
to resist or endure something successfully without being harmed, defeated, or altered.
to withstand
252
extremely dry
arid
253
a rounded bump or raised area on a surface.
a hump
254
a warm‑blooded animal with hair or fur whose mothers feed their young with milk.
a mammal
255
to send out or release something such as light, heat, sound, gas, smell, or energy into the surrounding environment.
to emit
256
to take the place of (a person or thing previously in authority or use); to replace; to cause to be set aside as void, useless, or obsolete.
to supersede
257
to decrease gradually in effect, intensity, or strength until it disappears.
to wear (wore, worn) off
258
to undergo, experience or be exposed to something (often something imposed or potentially unwelcome).
to be subjected to
259
using money and resources carefully and not wastefully.
thrifty
260
to solemnly promise or commit to do something or support someone/something.
to pledge
261
loyalty or devotion that a person owes to a group, cause, ruler, or nation.
an Allegiance
262
the state or quality of being slightly wet or moist, often in an unwelcome or uncomfortable way.
a dampness
263
occurring repeatedly or periodically; returning or repeating over time.
recurring
264
something that is harmful, unfavorable, or hostile.
adverse
265
The craft or art of making objects (such as pots, bowls, vases) from clay and other earthen materials, which are then shaped, dried, and fired at high temperatures.
a pottery
266
able to read and write, or more broadly well-educated or knowledgeable in a particular area.
literate
267
occurring before the proper or usual time; too soon.
premature
268
in a way that is very well known, typically for something bad or unfavorable.
notoriously
269
extraordinarily great or remarkable; exceeding all others in degree or quality
surpassing
270
1000 years
a millennium
271
Cultivated plants grown on a large scale for food, fiber, or other agricultural purposes.
a Crops/harvest
272
remaining whole, undamaged, or unaltered in structure or content.
intact
273
a skilled craftsperson who makes things by hand, often using traditional methods.
a craftsman/artisan
274
To dig out or remove earth carefully in order to find buried objects, structures, or remains.
to excavate
275
to grow or develop in a healthy, strong, or successful way.
to flourish
276
Personal or animal care
or
A deliberate process by which someone builds trust with a vulnerable person (often a child) in order to exploit them.
A grooming
277
to make people uncertain about the truth, value, or reliability of it.
to cast doubt
278
to argue against something or to question whether it is true, fair, or correct.
to dispute
279
to supply water to land or crops to help them grow, especially in areas where there isn’t enough rain.
to irrigate
280
a small rubber, silicone, or plastic device that a baby sucks on to help soothe and calm them.
a pacifier
281
To make something appear larger than it really is, typically by using a lens or other optical device.
to magnify
282
A sizable piece of land, often in the countryside, together with the houses or farms on it.
an estate
283
unwarranted, excessive, or not justified by the circumstances.
undue
284
not justified, not reasonable, or not necessary.
unwarranted
285
to stop, slow down, or limit an action or process.
to inhibit
286
Almost or nearly, but not completely
virtually
287
double in amount, degree, or meaning, or in two ways.
twofold
288
spending most of your time sitting or not being physically active.
sedentary
289
The top layer of earth where plants grow; dirt.
a soil
290
rare or limited in amount.
scarce
291
