English 9 - Fallacies Flashcards
is the strategy that people use to “peddle” their ideas by “scaring people and exaggerating possible dangers well beyond their statistical likelihood”
Scare tactics
Setting up only 2 possible scenarios and one is obviously better
Either-Or Choices
implying that arguments are not necessary, which means that the truth is self-evident and need no support.
Dogmatism
An argument that states it’s idea by assuming the conclusion to be already true without evidence. This simply restates the argument instead of actually using evidence to prove it.
Begging the question/ Circular
Identifying wrong relation between the claim and the reason which eventually leads to the illogical result.
Non Sequitur
Drawing attention to things that are irrelevant or off-topic from the issue at hand
Red Herring
Incorrectly assuming that because one event follows another, it must have been caused by the first event
Faulty Causality
When you ignore the real argument, set up a weak or extreme argument to attack, in order to make your opponent’s argument look weaker.
Straw man
The argument or story that shows only one side, can make speakers to lose credibility by not showing other side of their speech.
Stacking the Deck
Arguments that have rely too much on the audience’s feelings and emotions. To put another way, it means appealing to emotions to make the audience not focus on the facts.
Overly Sentimental Appeals
Providing a poor and unreliable evidence only by observation and stereotypes that people has.
Hasty Generalization
A false comparison, or a comparison that doesn’t work when taken further.
Faulty Analogy
“Today’s tiny misstep as tomorrow’s disaster.” Basically, if someone tells you that if X happens, then something extreme is definitely going to happen as a result because of it.
Slippery slope
Half truths or arguments that give lies an honest appearance.
Equivocation
Arguments attack the character of a person rather than the claim he or she makes
Ad Hominem Arguments
