English civil war Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is a civil war
It’s a war between organised groups within same state
The bishops war
An attempt to make the Scottish church more like the Church of England caused a rebellion called ‘the bishops war’
The long parliament
Charles was forced to call the ‘long parliament’ because he needed money after the bishops war with Scotland
Grand remonstrance
Instead of granting Charles money, parliament sent him the grand remonstrance - a list of 204 complaints about the way he was running the country
Attempted arrests
Charles tried to arrest the 5 leading MPS who led rebellion in parliament. He fail - they escaped
19 prepositions
Parliament sent Charles 19 prepositions, they wanted the power to appoint the kings ministers and control the army + judges
When the the war start
22nd august 1642 King Charles declared war on his enemies in parliament
How many British men were killed in the war
1 in 10
Who were the cavaliers
Charles side - Church of England and many RCs
Key people on cavaliers side
King Charles I
Prince Rupert
Who were the Roundheads
Parliaments side
Key people on Roundheads side
Thomas fairfax
Oliver Cromwell
3 battles during English civil war
Battle of edge hill - 23rd October 1642 (no clear winner)
Battle of marston moor - 2nd July 1644 ( Roundheads won )
Battle of naseby - 14th June 1645
New model army
Everyone in it only had one job - either join army or parliament - they had 40 days to choose
Who was the exception
Oliver cronwell
How many men were in the new model army
22,000
When was the battle of naseby
14th June 1645
Who won the battle of naseby
Roundheads
Events that happened during battle of naseby
Fought in small Northamptonshire village - in open field
Why Charles lost
Few allies
Best fighters killed in battle of naseby
Ran out of money
Prince Rupert was bad decision maker
Why parliament won
Had Scottish army support
New model army advantage
Cromwell was a skilled army general
Controlled wealthy parts of country
What happened in January 1649
The House of Commons set up a court to trial the king
Charges against Charles
He’d become a tyrant
Waged war against parliament
What happened to Charles
He was declared guilty after not going to his court trial and then he was given the death sentence on 27th January 1649
