English Lessons Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is a Fragment?
An incomplete sentence that lacks either a subject or a predicate.
Example: Preparing for the worst case scenario. => They are preparing for the worst case scenario.
What is a Run-on sentence?
When two or more sentences are combined without the use of proper punctuation marks or conjunctions.
Example: The Philippines is facing poverty and inequality it is due to corruption. => The Philippines is facing poverty and inequality. It is due to corruption.
What is a Comma Splice?
When two or more complete sentences are divided by a comma.
Example: It is difficult to challenge traditions that have been followed for several years, sometimes people follow them even if they do not understand why they exist in the first place. => It is difficult to challenge traditions that have been followed for several years. Sometimes people follow them even if they do not understand why they exist in the first place.
What does Parallelism refer to?
Parts of a sentence that are similar in form and function.
Provides clarity and holds entire paragraphs together.
What are the rules of Parallelism?
Words connected by coordinating conjunctions should follow the same structure or part of speech.
Especially important when listing items in a series.
What is a Claim of Fact?
Proves the truth of an idea using evidence such as studies or reports.
Example: Many Filipinos were violated during World War II.
What is a Claim of Value?
Proves an idea using morals and merit, stating judgment based on principles or standards.
Example: The Japanese soldiers were very cruel to Filipinos during World War II.
What is a Claim of Policy?
Recommends action or changes in the context of facts or value.
Example: The Japanese government should continue to support the families of comfort women.
What is an Argument?
A statement or claim supported by reasons that may be simple or very complex.
Consists of bringing together evidence, reasoning and claims, and developing your own main claim.
What is a Classic Argument?
Starts with an introduction, states the main idea clearly, presents supporting details, and wraps up with a conclusion.
It aims to grab the audience’s attention.
What is a Rogerian Argument?
Starts by discussing the issue objectively, presents both sides, and finds common ground.
This ensures a balanced and cooperative discussion.
What is a Fallacious Statement?
A wrong belief or argument that comes from faulty reasoning.
What is an example of Hypothesis Contrary to Fact?
If I had brought my lucky coin, I would have passed the exam.
What does Pitch refer to?
The degree of highness or lowness of the tone in our voice.
What is Stress in terms of speech?
Allows us to clarify the meaning of a word by giving emphasis to a syllable.
What is Juncture?
The pause we make in order to differentiate words that may have the same pronunciation.
What is Denotative meaning?
The main or dictionary meaning of a word.
What is Connotative meaning?
Includes positive or negative subtext which layers on top of the denotative meaning.
What is a Technical definition?
The definition of a word as used in a particular field like science, law, and engineering.
What is an Operational definition?
A word is defined based on the process needed to identify its presence or existence.
What is a sentence fragment?
An incomplete sentence lacking a subject or predicate
A sentence fragment does not express a complete thought.
What is an example of a run-on sentence?
The Philippines is facing poverty and inequality it is due to corruption
A run-on sentence occurs when two independent clauses are improperly joined without punctuation.
What is a comma splice?
When two complete sentences are separated by a comma
This error can be corrected by using a conjunction or separating them into distinct sentences.
Which of the following follows the rule of parallelism?
Giselle hates not only washing dishes but also sweeping the floor
Parallelism enhances clarity and rhythm in writing by ensuring similar structures.
