English Literature Flashcards
(118 cards)
1
Q
Anglo-Saxon Literature/Old English Literature
A
5th century - 1066
2
Q
Oral Tradition
A
Old English
3
Q
4 manuscripts survived in Old English Literature
A
Caedmon’s Hymn
Vercelli Book
Exeter Book
Nowell’s Codex
4
Q
Greatest Anglo-Saxon Scholar
Wrote the Ecclesiastical History of English People
A
Venerable Bede
5
Q
Father of English History
A
Venerable Bede
6
Q
King of Southern Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Wessex from 871-899.
He wrote in his native tounge.
He encouraged scholarly translations from Latin into Old English (Anglo-Saxon)
A
Alfred the Great
7
Q
An unlearned cowherd who was inspired by a vision and miraculously acquired the gift of poetic song.
His working is Caedmon’s Hymn.
A
Caedmon
8
Q
Caedmon’s Hymn
A
Nine-line alliterative vernacular praise poem in honour of God.
9
Q
One of the pre-eminent figures of the Old English Christian poetry
A
Cynewulf
10
Q
Poems of Cynewulf
A
The Fates of the Apostles
Juliana
Elene
Christ II or The Ascension
11
Q
Signed his poems in a kind of cypher or anagram
A
Caedmon
12
Q
National Epic of England and the most notable example of the earliest English poetry which blends Christianity and paganism
A
Beowulf
13
Q
Longest Old English Poem
A
Beowulf
14
Q
Oldest Germanic Epic
A
Beowulf
15
Q
Where Beowulf appeared
A
Nowell’s codex manuscript from 8th to the 11th century
16
Q
Three fierce fights of Beowulf
A
Monster Grendel
Grendel’s Mother
Fiery Dragon
17
Q
One of the earliest Christian poem preserved in the 10th century Vercelli book
A
Dream of the Rood
18
Q
Makes use of dream vision to narrate the death and resurrection of Christ from the perspective of the Cross or Rood itself
A
Dream of the Rood
19
Q
Pagan storytelling
Christ was a warrior
Christ won when crucified
A
Dream of the Rood
20
Q
Divine and spirituality
A
Middle English Period
21
Q
Most popular literary form during the Middle English Period
A
Metrical Tale/Romance
22
Q
A metrical romance that is a long rambling love story presenting knightly adventures and courtly love
A
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
23
Q
Also become popular during the Middle ages since they were performed as whole cycles of short plays in religious festivals
A
Religious dramas
24
Q
Focused on real or fictitious accounts of the life, miracles, or martyrdom of saints
A
Miracle plays
25
Evolved from the liturgical dramas of the 10th - 11th centuries, which were intended to enhance church calendar festivals
Miracle plays
26
Represents a scene from the Old or New Testament
Mystery plays
27
Also known as pageants or as Corpus Christu plays
Mystery plays
28
Dramatised the typical content of a homily or sermon and personified such abstracttions as Health, Death, or the Seven Deadly Sins and offered practical instruction in morality
Morality plays
29
Regarded as the best of the morality plays
Everyman
30
Talks about Everyman facing death. He summons the help of this friends but only Good Deeds is able to help him
Everyman
31
Generally remembered for his narrative poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.
Pearl Poet
32
Remembered for his frame narrative, The Canterbury Tales.
Geoffrey Chaucer
33
He wrote Le Morte d'Arthur, a collection of stories about King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table culled from the Arthurian legends.
Sir Thomas Mallory
34
16th Century Literature (The Renaissance)
Golden Age of English Literature (1485-1660)
35
He established movable printing in England and published Mallory's Le Morte d'Arthur
William Caxton
36
Most favorite poetic form during the Renaissance.
Sonnet
37
14-line iambic pentameter
Sonnet
38
Predominant philosophical thought in 16th-century England.
Humanism
39
Focus of Humanism
Study of Greek and Roman classical literature
Glorified the individual and unlimited potential of humans
Well-rounded Renaissance man (proficient in both intellectual and physical endeavors)
40
Focus on human potential and achievements
Humanism
41
Explored complex human emotions and conflicts (literary form in the Renaissance)
Drama
42
Period where there was a fascination with discovery and innovation (start of interest in science)
Renaissance Period
43
Period where there was a celebration of language. Writers showcased the beauty and power of language, often experimenting with form and style.
Renaissance Period
44
Father of the English Tragedy
Christopher Marlowe
45
Other name of Christopher Marlowe
Kit Marlowe
46
Plays of Kit Marlowe
Tamburlaine and Doctor Faustus
47
The play that exemplifies the sum total of the intellectual aspirations of the Renaissance
Dr. Faustus
48
In this play, a character sells his soul to the devil in exchange for power and knowledge.
Dr. Faustus
49
Who was the Devil in Dr. Faustus, and how long was their agreement?
Mephistopheles and 24 years
50
Introduced the Spenserian stanza
Edmund Spenser
51
Long allegorical poem of Edmund Spenser honoring Queen Elizabeth I
The Fearie Queen
52
8 lines of iambic pentameter, with 5 feet, followed by a single line of iambic hexameter, an "alexandrine," with 6
(8-5-1-6)
Spenserian Stanza
53
Rhyme scheme of Spenserian Stanza
ABAB-BCBC-C or ABAB-BCBC-CDCD-EE
54
One of the founders of modern scientific methodology
Francis Bacon
55
Father of Inductive Reasoning and Father of the English Essay
Francis Bacon
56
Collections of short, insightful writings that reflect on various aspects of life, morality, and society. (By Francis Bacon)
Essays
57
English playwright, poet, actor, and literary critic of the 17th century who popularized the comedy of humors.
Ben Jonson
58
Father of English Comedy
Ben Jonson
59
Supporters of Ben Jonson
Sons of Ben
60
Which work of Ben Jonson is this line from?
"Drink to me only with thine eyes."
Song to Celia
61
Bard of Avon
William Shakespeare
62
World's pre-eminent dramatist
William Shakespeare
63
Greatest writer in the English Language
William Shakespeare
64
Number of writings of Shakespeare
38 plays
154 sonnets
2 long narrative poems
65
Number of vocabulary made by Shakespeare
29,000
66
Other name of Shakespeare's sonnets
Elizabethan sonnet
67
Shakespeare sonnets consist of
3 quatrains
1 heroic couplet
Rhyme Scheme (abab-cdcd-efef-gg)
68
Tragedy of Young Love (Shakespeare)
Romeo and Juliet
69
Tragedy of Revenge (Shakespeare)
Hamlet
70
The ghost of the King of Denmark tells his son Hamlet to avenge his murder by killing the new king, Hamlet's uncle Claudius
Hamlet
71
Tragedy of Jealousy
Othello
72
An angry Iago plots to take revenge against Othello, as he was overlooked for promotion. He manipulates everyone, including Othello, into believing his wife, Desdemona, is unfaithful to make him jealous.
Othello
73
Tragedy of Parental Love
King Lear
74
King Lear divides his kingdom between his two flatterer daughters and banishes the third one (Cordelia), who loves him. His eldest daughters reject him, and he goes mad.
King Lear
75
Tragedy of Ambition
Macbeth
76
Macbeth receives a prophecy that he will become king. Consumed by his ambition and encouraged by his wife, he murders King Duncan and becomes a tyrannical ruler. At the end, he was confronted by McDuff and was defeated.
Macbeth
77
Age of Transition or Age of Revolution because a new middle class began to show its power in this century
17th Century
78
It is also coincided with the Age of Exploration (scientific investigation) and Age of Prose (scientific detail and observation)
17th Century
79
Intellectual and philosophical in nature, often dealing with themes of love, religion and mortality
Metaphysical Poetry
80
Writing style emerged during the 17th century
Prose (sentences and paragraphs): emphasized clarity, directness and economy of expression
81
One of the leading figures of the Metaphysical Poetry movement who wrote Holy Sonnets (a collection of 19 deeply spiritual and introspective poems)
John Donne
82
"No man is an Island."
John Donne
83
A Latin term that means "seize the day" came from Horace's Odes. The term reminds people of the transience of life and admonishes people to "eat now and be merry, for tomorrow we die."
Carpe Diem
84
Lighthearted, elegant, and celebratory, often focusing on themes of love, loyalty, and carpe diem.
Cavalier Poetry
85
17th-century writer who emphasized honor, courtly values, and the philosophy of carpe diem.
Richard Lovelace
86
Work of Lovelace that was celebrated for its elegant expression of loyalty, blending romantic and patriotic sentiments
To Lucasta, Going to Wars
87
Age of Reason or Enlightenment—emphasized REASON over superstition and SCIENCE over blind faith
18th Century
88
During this period, authors modeled the styles of Greek and Roman writers
Neoclassicism (18th Century)
89
Literary form arose as one of the more prominent literary forms during the 18th century
Novels
90
Literary form during the 18th century that where writers followed strict structures such as heroic couplets to emphasize balance and harmony
Poems
91
Father of the Modern English Dictionary
Samuel Johnson
92
Famous lexicographer in the 18th century
Samuel Johnson
93
One of the first comprehensive dictionaries of English
A Dictionary of the English Language (Samuel Johnson)
94
One of the pioneers of the modern novel
Daniel Defoe
95
Considered as the first English novel, it tells the story of a castaway's survival on a deserted island
Robinson Crusade
96
During the Romantic Movement, they believed in the importance of
3 I's
Individual
Imagination
Intuition
(also add Nature)
97
Shifts during the Romantic Period
(SNSM)
faith in reason to faith in the SENSES
urban to NATURAL and RURAL
public, impersonal poetry to SUBJECTIVE POETRY
scientific and mundane to interest in MYSTERIOUS and INFINITE
98
Pioneered the Romantic Period
William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge
99
Launch the Romantic Age
William Wordsworth
100
Literary works by Wordsworth and Coleridge that signaled the beginning of the English Romanticism
Lyrical Ballads
101
Literary piece that highlights the restorative power of nature and its ability to uplift the human spirit
Daffodils (William Wordsworth)
102
During the Romantic period, he was a deep intellectual and imaginative engagement with the world
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
103
The gripping story of a mariner's cursed voyage
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (Samuel Taylor Coleridge)
104
The poem was composed one night after he experienced an opium-influenced dream after reading a work describing Xanadu, the summer place of the Mongol
Kubla Khan (Samuel Taylor Colerigde)
105
Golden Age of the British Novels
Victorian Age
106
Written during Queen Victoria's reign, an opposition against romanticism
Victorian Age
107
The shift from the abstract and inward focus of Romanticism to addressing social issues and transformations brough about the Industrial Revolution
Victorian Age
108
Writer during the Victorian Age: feelings of love and devotion
Elizabeth Barrett Browning
109
44 sonnets that capture her profound love for her husband, Robert Browning
Sonnets from the Portuguese (Elizabeth Barrett Browning)
110
"How do I love thee? Let me count the ways."
Sonnet 43 (Elizabeth Barrett Browning)
111
Writer during the Victorian Age: remembered for his dramatic monologues (long speech by an imaginary character used to expose pretense and reveal a character's inner self)
Robert Browning
112
A duke points to a portrait of his deceased wife and begins speaking about her.
My Last Duchess (Robert Browning)
113
Writer during the Victorian Age: often poke fun at a Victorian society
Oscar Wilde
114
Follows Dorian Gray, whose outward appearance remains young and perfect while his portrait reflects the consequences of his increasingly immoral life
The Picture of Dorian Gray (Oscar Wilde)
115
With new inventions upsetting the old ways, it became increasingly difficult to find order and pattern in life. People began to talk of the "machine age" and ask whether it was wholly good.
20th Century
(early 20th century)
(1901-1945)
116
"Could man trust science to bring about a better life?"
20th Century
(early 20th century)
(1901-1945)
117
World War I - brought discontent and disillusionment. Progress has not saved the world from war.
After the World Wars
(Mid-20th century onward)
(1950s)
118
Fiction no longer followed a forward-moving narrative. Instead, it followed the twisted, contorted development (fragmentations) of a single character or group of related characters.
After the World Wars
(Mid-20th century onward)
(1950s)
