Enlightenment

Question 1

three sorts of power - legislative (laws), executive (makes peace or war), judicial (punishes criminals or settles disputes)

Answer 1

charles de montesquieu

Question 2

wrote the social contract, 1762

Answer 2

jean-jacques rousseau

Question 3

The philosopher that thought all humans where naturally cruel greedy and selfish

Answer 3

Thomas hobbs

Question 4

french enlightenment philosopher

Answer 4

jean-jacques rousseau

Question 5

his ideas are used to justify absolute power

Answer 5

thomas hobbes

Question 6

“by giving his freedom to all, he gives his freedom to no one”

Answer 6

jean-jacques rousseau

Question 7

“people are good, but become corrupted by society “

Answer 7

jean-jacques rousseau

Question 8

“if not controlled, people would fight, rob and oppress each other”

Answer 8

Thomas Hobbes

Question 9

when legislative and executive powers are within the same group or person - there can be no liberty

Answer 9

charles de montesquieu

Question 10

the best government has limited power and is accepted by all

Answer 10

john locke

Question 11

people who make their own laws will then obey them willingly

Answer 11

jean-jacques rousseau

Question 12

general will is for the common good

Answer 12

jean-jacques rousseau

Question 13

hailed as a champion of democracy

Answer 13

jean-jacques rousseau

Question 14

english enlightenment philosopher focused on womens rights

Answer 14

mary wollstonecraft

Question 15

a vindication of the rights of women, 1792

Answer 15

mary wollstonecraft

Question 16

wrote the spirit laws in 1748

Answer 16

charles de montesquieu

Question 17

wrote two treatises of government

Answer 17

John Locke

Question 18

people are basically reasonable and moral

Answer 18

John Locke

Question 19

rejected the idea of absolute monarchy

Answer 19

John locke

Question 20

three sorts of power:
legislative : enacts laws
executive : relations between nations
judicial : matters involving civil law (crimes & disputes)

Answer 20

charles de montesquieu

Question 21

educate women like men and the more power women will have

Answer 21

mary wollstonecraft

Question 22

do not wish for women to have power over men, but to have power over themselves

Answer 22

mary wollstonecraft

Question 23

attacked the catholic church and tried to separate religion and state

Answer 23

voltaire

Question 24

freedom of religion, freedom of expression and separation of church and state

Answer 24

Voltaire

Question 25

fought for women to hold political equality

Answer 25

olympe de gouges

Question 26

right to life, liberty and property

Answer 26

John Locke

Question 27

if the government attempted to deny peoples rights, the people had the right to replace the government

Answer 27

John Locke

Question 28

man has inalienable rights that no government could deny

Answer 28

John Locke

Question 29

people should enter a social contract with a ruler, giving absolute power in order to prevent anarchy

Answer 29

thomas hobbes

Question 30

his ideas about the separation of power greatly influenced the framers of the US constitution

Answer 30

charles de montesquieu

Question 31

heralded the first wave of feminism in france

Answer 31

olympe de gouges

Question 32

laissez faire - government should not interfere with a free market (limits government regulation)

Answer 32

adam smith

Question 33

economies will move away from mercantilism (prompted the governmental regulation of national economy)

Answer 33

Adam smith

Question 34

sets up modern capitalism

Answer 34

Adam Smith

Question 35

Definition: king has a divine right to the throne

Answer 35

Absolutism

Question 36

people who make their own laws will then obey them willingly

Answer 36

jean-jacques rousseau

Question 37

Copernicus created ______________

Answer 37

Heliocentrism

Question 38

Who created heliocentrism?

Answer 38

Copernicus

Question 39

Definition: The earth rotated around the sun

Answer 39

Heliocentrism

Question 40

_____________ came up with the idea of geocentrism

Answer 40

The Church

Question 41

The church came up with ____________

Answer 41

Geocentrism

Question 42

Definition: everything rotates around the earth

Answer 42

Geocentrism

Question 43

Who created the modern telescope?

Answer 43

Galileo

Question 44

Who discovered the concept of gravity?

Answer 44

Sir Isaac Newton

Question 45

Who was one of the first people to dissect the human body?

Answer 45

Andreas Vesalius

Question 46

Who discovered blood was recycled through the veins and was used to make the heart pump?

Answer 46

William Harvey

Question 47

Definition: a political practice of unlimited centralized authority and total rule within the monarchy

Answer 47

Absolutism

Question 48

Who edited the encyclopedia?

Answer 48

Denis Diderot

Question 49

Who supported girls’ education?

Answer 49

Catherine the great

Question 50

What is enlightened absolutism?

Answer 50

The monarch has all the power

Question 51

What were 3 goals of the enlightenment?

Answer 51

1. To build a better society 2. Reasoning to have a better understanding of life 3. Develop a relationship between the government and the people