Enlightenment and the French Revolution

Question 1

Heliocentric

Answer 1

A model where Earth and planets revolve around the Sun at the center of the universe

Question 2

Enlightenment

Answer 2

An intellectual and cultural movement in the 18th century that emphasized reason over superstition. Using the power of the press, Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke, Isaac Newton, and Voltaire questioned accepted knowledge

Question 3

Thomas Hobbes

Answer 3

One of the key figures in the political debates of the Enlightenment period, and made the Levithan

Question 4

Leviathan

Answer 4

States that people should give up their individual will and desires for the greater good.

Question 5

John Locke

Answer 5

Believed everyone was born with a purpose and that they could develop reasoning skills

Question 6

In what ways was the heliocentric model of the universe and the Enlightenment a threat to the Church and European feudalism?

Answer 6

It challenged the Church’s authority by contradicting its teachings

Question 7

Old Regime

Answer 7

A social and political system established in the Kingdom of France in the 18th century

Question 8

Tennis Court Oath

Answer 8

June 1789, the members of the French Third Estate took the Jeu de Paume Oath inside a tennis court

Question 9

The Three Estates

Answer 9

1. Clergy
2. Nobility
   3.Commoners

Question 10

National Assembly

Answer 10

A revolutionary assembly of the Kingdom of France formed by the commoners

Question 11

Louis XVI

Answer 11

Last king of France before the fall of the monarchy during the French Revolution

Question 12

The Bastille

Answer 12

Revolutionary insurgents attempted to storm and seize control of the prison

Question 13

Marie Antoinette

Answer 13

last queen of France prior to the French Revolution. She was born an archduchess of Austria

Question 14

Versailles

Answer 14

The royal palace where KIng Louis XVI lived until he was forced to leave because of the french revolution

Question 15

Estates-general

Answer 15

A meeting of the three estates of pre-revolutionary France: clergy, nobility, and commons, haddent been called to court for 175 years.

Question 16

Declaration of the Rights of Man

Answer 16

Men are born and remain free and equal in rights

Question 17

What were the various causes of unrest in France in the late 18th century and what role did the royal family play in the growing discontent?

Answer 17

Royal coffers depleted, but several years of poor harvests, drought, cattle disease and skyrocketing bread prices

Question 18

Legislative Assembly

Answer 18

Provided the focus of political debate and revolutionary law-making. A form of new government

Question 19

Maximilien Robespierre

Answer 19

A radical democrat and key figure in the French Revolution of 1789. Encouraged death

Question 20

Guillotine

Answer 20

The primary symbol of the Reign of Terror and was used to execute thousands of people, including King Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette

Question 21

Committee of Public Safety

Answer 21

Killed a bunch of people. Created by the National Convention in 1793 with the intent to defend the nation against foreign and domestic enemies

Question 22

Reign of Terror

Answer 22

A series of massacres and numerous public executions took place in response to revolutionary fervour. ended because they killed Robsperrie

Question 23

National Convention

Answer 23

An assembly, meeting in France from September 21st, 1792 until October 26, 1795.

Question 24

Georges Danton

Answer 24

Was among those who voted to execute the king and queen of France

Question 25

Jean-Paul Marat

Answer 25

Angry news paper man. Murdered in his bath by Charlotte Corday in 1793

Question 26

Why was the Committee of Public Safety able to have so much power during the Reign of Terror?

Answer 26

The National Convention believed that the Committee needed to rule with “near dictatorial power” and gave it new and expansive political powers to respond quickly to popular demands.