Enlightenment Thinkers and Scientific Revolution

Question 1

Copernicus

Answer 1

Publishes heliocentric theory

Question 2

Heliocentric theory

Answer 2

Sun is the center of the universe and that plants and such go around it

Question 3

Vesalius

Answer 3

Publishes first human anatomy textbook

Question 4

Brahe

Answer 4

Discovers Nova, new star

Question 5

Nova

Answer 5

Meaning the universe is always changing

Question 6

Jansen

Answer 6

invents microscope

Question 7

Kepler

Answer 7

Publishes first two laws of planetary motion

Question 8

First two laws of planetary motion

Answer 8

1. Stars go around the sun

2. We don’t go in a full circle

Question 9

Galileo

Answer 9

Publishes Starry Messenger

Question 10

Starry messenger

Answer 10

1. Discovers law of pendulum
2. Falling objects accelerate at a fixed rate
3. No matter the weight objects will fall at the same rate
4. Jupiter has 4 moons
5. Sun has dark spots
6. The moon is uneven

Question 11

Bacon

Answer 11

Publishes book Novum Organum

Question 12

Harvey

Answer 12

Reveals how human heart functions

Question 13

Galileo faces Inquisition for support

Answer 13

Was given choice of slow torture or disagreeing with the catholic church

Question 14

Descartes

Answer 14

Book of Discourse on Method and sets forth Scientific Method (Empiricism)

Question 15

Empiricism

Answer 15

Learning through experience

Question 16

Torricelli

Answer 16

invents barometer (air pressure)

Question 17

England

Answer 17

Establishes Royal Society (welcomes scientist)

Question 18

Boyle

Answer 18

Discovers Boyle’s law

Question 19

France

Answer 19

Establishes Academy of Sciences (welcomes scientist)

Question 20

Leeuwenhoek

Answer 20

Observes bacteria through microscope (understanding diseases)

Question 21

Newton

Answer 21

Publishes law of gravity

Question 22

Fahrenheit

Answer 22

Invents mercury thermometer

Question 23

Reason

Answer 23

Enlightenment thinkers believe truth can be discovered through reason and logic

Question 24

Nature

Answer 24

What was good was natural and reasonable. Just as in natural laws in motion, there were laws in economics and politics.

Question 25

Happiness

Answer 25

One who lives by natures laws were truly happy

Question 26

Progress

Answer 26

They believe in progress

Question 27

Liberty

Answer 27

They believed in the freedoms as gained with the English Bill of Rights

Question 28

Creation Questions

Answer 28

How was the world created? | Why was the world created?

Question 29

Government Questions

Answer 29

How should we be governed?

Question 30

Purpose Questions

Answer 30

What is the purpose of the individual? | How should we live our lives?

Question 31

Thomas Hobbes

Answer 31

Social Contract | English

Question 32

Social Contract

Answer 32

You agree to give up freedom to benefit the group

Question 33

John Locke

Answer 33

Natural Rights Empiricism English

Question 34

John Locke: Empiricism

Answer 34

Knowledge pertaining to the senses | Tabula Rosa

Question 35

Tabula Rosa

Answer 35

Essay concerning human understanding

Question 36

John Locke: Natural Rights

Answer 36

He believed it was the government right to protect the peoples 3 Natural Rights which were Life, Liberty, and Pursuit of Property

Question 37

Voltaire

Answer 37

The Man Believed in individual freedom He was Deist French

Question 38

Montesquieu

Answer 38

Separation of power (branches of government: Legislative and Judgitive) French

Question 39

Rousseau

Answer 39

Social Contract Believes civilization and rationalism are destructive Believes in human rights French

Question 40

Beccaria

Answer 40

Justice system | French

Question 41

Deist

Answer 41

God doesn't control everyday life, he just set the world into motion

Question 42

Legislative/Judgitive branchs

Answer 42

makes laws but can be vetoed by the president but if the whole legislative agrees, they can veto him