Enquiry Question 3: How are the water and carbon cycles linked to the global climate system?

Question 1

What % of rainforest has Indonesia lost in the past 25 years?

Answer 1

25%

Question 2

What % of temperature forests were deforested by the 19th century?

Answer 2

90%

Question 3

How many hectares of land are deforested annually?

Answer 3

13 million ha

Question 4

What % of deforestation occurs because of soy, palm oil, beef and paper production?

Answer 4

50%

Question 5

What are the two methods used for deforestation?

Answer 5

Clear cutting and slash and burn

Question 6

What are the three reasons for increasing deforestation rates in Madagascar?

Answer 6

Expanding population; demand for hardwoods and debt repayments

Question 7

Madagascar is the world’s primary supplier of what commodity?

Answer 7

Vanilla pods

Question 8

How long is China’s Three-North Shelterbelt Project?

Answer 8

4,500km

Question 9

What is the purpose of China’s Three-North Shelterbelt Project?

Answer 9

To reduce desertification.

Question 10

When did the biofuel rush occur in the American Midwest?

Answer 10

2007 - 2015

Question 11

How many hectares of natural grassland disappeared because of the American Midwest fuel rush?

Answer 11

5.5 million

Question 12

What % of the earth’s land area shifts to a new climate from a warming of 2˚C?

Answer 12

5%

Question 13

The Amazon Basin is responsible for what % of the total terrestrial vegetation carbon store?

Answer 13

17%

Question 14

In the 2005 droughts, how much CO2 was released from the Amazon Basin?

Answer 14

5 billion tonnes

Question 15

In the 2010 droughts, how much CO2 was released from the Amazon Basin?

Answer 15

8 billion tonnes

Question 16

How much palm oil is produced annually in Indonesia?

Answer 16

66 million tonnes

Question 17

Which country did Indonesia overtake in 2015 in terms of GHG emissions?

Answer 17

USA

Question 18

Roughly how many formal and informal jobs are provided from forests globally?

Answer 18

13.2 million formal; 41 million informal.

Question 19

How much money did Indonesia’s ‘forest moratorium’ from the UN and Norwegian government

Answer 19

$1 billion.

Question 20

What % of UK land was forested in 2016?

Answer 20

13%

Question 21

How much more acidic are our oceans compared to 1750?

Answer 21

30%

Question 22

What is the ideal water temperature range for coral?

Answer 22

23-29˚C

Question 23

What gives coral its colour?

Answer 23

Algae

Question 24

How big is the Great Barrier Reef?

Answer 24

1,400 miles

Question 25

How many mass bleaching events have occurred on the Great Barrier reef between 2015 and 2020?

Answer 25

3

Question 26

What % of marine species do coral reefs shelter?

Answer 26

25%

Question 27

In the past few decades how much faster has the average Arctic temperatures risen compared to the global average?

Answer 27

Twice as fast

Question 28

In Yukon, what was the % of the total ice area that shrank between 1958 and 2008?

Answer 28

22%

Question 29

Inflows to the river Yukon has increased by what % since 2000?

Answer 29

39%

Question 30

How much carbon do mangroves sequester per hectare, per year?

Answer 30

1.5 tonnes

Question 31

What % of global mangrove forests has been lost since 1950?

Answer 31

50%

Question 32

A 4˚C warming causes a loss of what % from soil organic carbon of: shallow peat; deep peat.

Answer 32

Shallow peat – 40%

Deep peat: 86%

Question 33

In what year was the Paris Climate Agreement adopted?

Answer 33

2016

Question 34

How many countries agreed to the Paris Climate Agreement?

Answer 34

195

Question 35

In what year was the Kyoto Protocol adopted?

Answer 35

1997