ENT Anatomy

Question 1

Which foramen does the facial nerve pass through?

Answer 1

Internal Acoustic Meatus

Question 2

How many cranial nerves pass through the jugular foramen?

Answer 2

3

Question 3

Describe the role of the vestibulocochlear nerve

Answer 3

It is responsible for the special senses of hearing (via the cochlear nerve), and balance (via the vestibular nerve).

Question 4

Which part of the tympanic membrane is the cone of light in?

Answer 4

anteroinferior

This can be used to work out which ear an otoscopy is of

Question 5

Name the muscles of the middle ear and their nerve supply?

Answer 5

Tensor tympani-CN V3

Stapedius- CN VII

Question 6

What type of joints do the ossicles articulate with?

Answer 6

Synovial joints

Question 7

What type of movement do the semicircular canals detect?

Answer 7

Angular movement

Question 8

What type of movement do the utricle and saccule detect

Answer 8

Linear movement

Question 9

What is another name for the nostril and for the rounded eminence around it?

Answer 9

nares, ala

Question 10

Boy presents with delayed puberty and lack of smell

Answer 10

Kallman’s syndrome

Question 11

What arteries contribute to Kiesselbach’s area?

Answer 11

• posterior ethmoidal
• anterior ethmoidal
• sphenopalatine artery
• greater palatine artery
• superior labial artery

Question 12

Which carotid artery do the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries branch off?

Answer 12

Internal carotid artery

Question 13

Which sinus is most prone to infection and why?

Answer 13

The maxillary because its ostium is superior to its cavity so its harder to drain

Question 14

What drains through the inferior meatus?

Answer 14

lacrimal fluid via the nasolacrimal duct

Question 15

What drains through the superior meatus?

Answer 15

drainage of posterior ethmoidal air cells

Question 16

What drains through the sphenoethmoidal recess?

Answer 16

drainage of sphenoid sinus

Question 17

What bone are the superior and middle meatus part of?

Answer 17

Ethmoid

Question 18

Where does the maxillary sinus drain?

Answer 18

Semilunar hiatus of the middle meatus

Question 19

Where does the frontal sinus drain?

Answer 19

Middle meatus

Question 20

Which bone is the middle ear in? Be specific

Answer 20

Petrous part of the temporal bone

Question 21

Which nerve supplies parasympathetic secretomotor innervation to the submandibular and sublingual glands?

Answer 21

The chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve

Question 22

What nerve supplies parasympathetic secretomotor innervation to the parotid gland?

Answer 22

CN IX (glossopharyngeal nerve)

Question 23

Where does the parotid gland secrete fluid?

Answer 23

upper 2nd molar into the mouth

Question 24

Which gland does the facial nerve pass through but not innervate?

Answer 24

Parotid

Question 25

What is respiratory mucosa?

Answer 25

ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 26

Which nerve supplies the muscles of the tongue (intrinsic and extrinsic), except 1?

Answer 26

CN XII (Hypoglossal nerve)

Question 27

Which muscle of the tongue is supplied by a different nerve to the rest and what nerve supplies it?

Answer 27

The palatoglossus | supplies by the pharyngeal plexus mainly the motor branches of CN X (vagus nerve)

Question 28

What divides the tongue into the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3

Answer 28

Foramen caecum

Question 29

What is the blood supply to the tongue?

Answer 29

lingual branch of the ECA

Question 30

Which muscle of the pharynx is not innervated by CNX (vagus) and what is it innervated by?

Answer 30

The stylopharyngeus and it is innervated by CN IX (glossopharyngeal)

Question 31

Which vertebral levels is the larynx found between?

Answer 31

C4-C6 (hence the oesophagus starts at C6)