ENT Formative

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

Answer 4

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

Taste receptors are replaced every …

Answer 6

10 days

Question 7

Olfactory receptors are replaced every …

Answer 7

2 months

Question 8

Taste and smell receptors are replaced by …

Answer 8

Basal cells

Question 9

The vagus nerve passes out of the cranial cavity via the …

Answer 9

Jugular foramen

Question 10

The first (most superior) nerve to branch off of the vagus nerve is the …

Answer 10

Superior laryngeal nerve

Question 11

The vagus nerve descends through the neck within the …

Answer 11

Carotid sheath

Question 12

The _______ nerve branches off the vagus in the mediastinum and ascends.

Question 13

Conditions associated with hearing loss and tinnitus ?

Answer 13

Meniere’s and Labyrinthitis

Question 14

Vertigo lasting days-week =

Answer 14

Labyrinthitis or Vestibular neuritis

Question 15

Most likely diagnosis for vertigo lasting 20 minutes to several hours

Answer 15

Meniere’s

Question 16

In diagnosing glandular fever what might be seen on blood film ?

Answer 16

Atypical lymphocytes

Question 17

Other than antibiotics, what other treatment may be given in severe tonsilitis ?

Answer 17

Steroids

Question 18

Rarely, patient may report pain when drinking alcohol

Answer 18

Hodgkin’s disease (Lymphoma)

Question 19

Neck lump moves upwards on swallowing

Answer 19

Goitre

Question 20

Benign congenital lymphatic lesion, most commonly located in left posterior triangle of neck. Usually diagnosed within the first 2 years of life

Answer 20

Cystic hygroma

Question 21

lump located between isthmus of thyroid and hyoid bone

Answer 21

Thyroglossal cyst

Question 22

Pulsatile lateral neck lump

Answer 22

Carotid aneurysm

Question 23

Neck lump that is associated with dysphagia, aspiration and chronic cough

Answer 23

Pharyngeal pouch

Question 24

The most common bacterial cause for a sore throat

Answer 24

Strep. pyogenes (Group A strep.)

Question 25

Criteria to decide whether sore throat is due to a bacterial cause

Answer 25

Centor criteria

Question 26

Gram positive cocci in chains

Answer 26

Streptococci

Question 27

Most common cause of otitis externa ?

Answer 27

Staph. aureus

Question 28

At what vertebral level is the hyoid cartilage located?

Answer 28

C3

Question 29

At what vertebral level is the thyroid cartilage located?

Answer 29

C4/5/6

Question 30

At what vertebral level is the cricoid cartilage located?

Answer 30

C6

Question 31

Right-sided tension pneumothorax - where does the trachea deviate ?

Answer 31

Left It deviates AWAY

Question 32

Diagnosis ?

Answer 32

Fungal otitis externa

Question 33

Diagnosis ?

Answer 33

Cholesteatoma

Question 34

Diagnosis ?

Answer 34

Oral candidiasis (thrush) - fungal infection - not infectious - white patches in mouth

Question 35

Features of labyrinthitis ? (4)

Answer 35

1. Episodes of vertigo lasting days to weeks 2. May be associated with a viral infection 3. Associated with hearing loss or tinnitus 4. May experience tinnitus on affected side