Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Plant Resistance To Pests > Entomology - midterm > Flashcards

Entomology - midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Major arthropod crop pests are

A

insects and mites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Insect defining characteristics

A

3 segments
3 pairs of legs
Most species have winged adults
highly modified mouth parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mites defining characteristics

A

2 segments
4 pairs of legs
simple mouth parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Types of mouth parts

A

Chewing
Rasping-sucking
piercing-sucking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Non-Host Resistance - definition

A

The entire plant species is resistant to a specific pathogen, parasite or pest
(very common, under complex genetic control)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Host (cultivar) resistance

A

Some genotypes of the species are resistant, some are not.

usually pathogen/parasite/pest specific, often controlled by R genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Immunity

A

No successful infection/infestable, no visible plant damage, not even HR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hyper Sensitive Response

A

Necrotic flecks/ lesions ( may not be visible, only involve a few cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Manifestation of quantitative resistance

A

Fewer or smaller lesions
slower disease/damage progess
stay green longer
yield better

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Tolerance - definition

A

Infected/infested host suffers less damage than susceptible plants under same degree of parasitism/infestation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Passive (Constitutive) Resistance - def

A

Based on compounds & structures present before pathogen/parasite/pest infects/infests

ie. cuticle waxes
many forms are fairly nonspecific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Active (induced) resistance

A

Based on induction of defenses after pathogen/parasite/pest attacks

  • plant recognizes presence of pathogen/pest by detecting elcitors
  • many are nonspecific
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pathogenic/Pestiferous

-def

A

capable of causing disease or pest damage to the host species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Virulent (on a particular host genotype)

-def

A

Not recognized by any host resistance genes, therefore does not trigger the resistance reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Avirulent -def

A

Triggers host resistance reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Aggressive -def

A

Causes more disease than another isolate, a quantative term for how much disease an isolate can cause

17
Q

Isolate -def

A

Individual pathogen/pest speciman or culture

18
Q

Race or Pathotype /Biotype -def

A

Isolate of a pathogen/pest with the same virulence spectrum

isolates of the same race/biotype are virulent and avirulent on the same cultivars

19
Q

Pathovar

A

A group of bacterial strains that infect a specific host genus or species

20
Q

Compatiable

A

Interaction where the pathogen/pest is virulent and the host is susceptible

21
Q

Incompatible

A

Interaction where pathogen/pest is avirulent and the host is resistant

22
Q

Antibiosis Category of plant resistance to arthropods

-def & examples

A

Negative effects of resistant plant defense on pest BIOLOGY

  • Chemical or morphological
  • reduced body size and weight, slowed development (of pest)
23
Q

Antixenosis Category of plant resistance to arthropods

-def & examples

A

Negative effects of resistant plant defenses on pest BEHAVIOR

  • plant serves as a poor host for the pest
  • physical barriers
  • lack of feeding or oviposition stiumlatants
  • chemical or morphological defenses resulting in short term change in insect behavior that results in the selection of an alternate host.
24
Q

Tolerance Category of plant resistance to arthropods

A

Ability of resistant plant to withstand or recover from pest damage (measure of plant growth, not insect behavior or biology)

25
Q

Classes of Alleochemicals

A

Alkaloids (contain n, caffine, cocaine)
Terpenois (volatiles, indirect resistance)
Phenolics (aromatic compounds)

26
Q

Types of plant physical/chemical defenses

A 
Trichomes -simple, hooked, glandular
Resins
Rapidly growing tissues
super-strong cell walls
modificaiton of plant architecture
27
Q

Jasmonic Acid

A

A signaling compound for flowering

also involved in growth and defensive pathways

28
Q

Induced Resistance

A

Re-read this powerpoint

29
Q

Insect host strains (def)

A

Genetically different populations of the same species exhibiting partial reproductive isolation & adapted to specific host plants

30
Q

Importance of light quality for plants

A

plant may grow differently, not produce same levels of exudates in tricomes

31
Q

Importance of light quantity forplants

A

Influences a plants level of resistance to pests

32
Q

Abiotic factors affecting expression of a plant’s insect resistance

A 
Light quantity & quality
Temperature
Soil Fertility
Soil Moisture
Humidity
33
Q

Insect Variables Affecting Expression of Insect Resistance

A

Age
Pre-Assay Conditioning
Gender
Infestation level

Plant Resistance To Pests (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions