Enviomental factors

Question 1

Estimated cancer incidence by site and sex

Answer 1

Male
1. Prostate cancer
2. Lung/ bronchus cancer
3. Colorectal cancer

Female
1. Breast cancer
2. Lung/ bronchus cancer
3. Colorectal cancer

Question 2

Estimate cancer death by site and sex

Answer 2

Male
1. Lung/ bronchus cancer
2. Prostate cancer
3. Colorectal cancer

Female
1. Lung/ bronchus cancer
2. Breast cancer
3. Colorectal cancer

Question 3

Most common cancer with greatest mortality in children < 15 yr

Answer 3

1. Leukemia
2. Brain and spinal cord
3. Neuroblastoma

Question 4

Cancers that are detected late

Answer 4

Cancer detected late have a BAD prognosis

Example: Ovarian, pancreatic and lung

Question 5

Environmental factor for cancer

Answer 5

Environmental factor are the most dominant risk for most cancers.

Exposure to ASBESTOS (shipyard workers) is likely to lead to LUNG cancer than mesothelian.

Question 6

Aniline Dyes

Answer 6

Bladder cancer

Question 7

Benzene

Answer 7

Leukemia (AML)

Question 8

Asbestos

Answer 8

Bronchogenic ( lung cancer) higher than mesothelioma

Question 9

Arsenic

Answer 9

Skin and Lung cancer

Question 10

Cigarette smoking

Answer 10

Lung cancer ( squamous and small cell)

Question 11

Vinyl Chloride (PVC pipes)

Answer 11

Hepatic angiosarcoma

Question 12

PVC pipes

Answer 12

Vinyl Chloride - Hepatic angiosarcoma

Question 13

Aflatoxins

Answer 13

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 14

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)

Answer 14

1. Burkitt lymphoma
2. Hodgkin lymphoma
3. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
4. Oral hairy leukoplakia

Question 14

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Answer 14

Squamous cell carcinoma of cervix and anogenital squamous papilloma

Question 15

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)

Answer 15

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 16

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)

Answer 16

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 17

Ultraviolet light

Answer 17

Skin cancer

Question 18

Ionizing radiation (X-rays and gamma radiation)

Answer 18

1. Leukemia ( AML AND CML)
2. Papillary thyroid cancer
3. Osteosarcoma
4. Liver angiosarcoma

Question 19

Barret esophagus

Answer 19

Adenocarcinoma

Question 20

Chronic gastritis (H pylori)

Answer 20

Adenocarcinoma

Question 21

Inflammatory bowel disease ( CD and UC)

Answer 21

Colorectal cancer

Question 22

Chronic pancreatitis (alcoholism)

Answer 22

Pancreatic cancer

Question 23

Chronic hepatitis (Hepatitis B and C)

Answer 23

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 24

Chronic cholecystitis ( stones, bacteria or bile)

Answer 24

Gallbladder cancer

Question 25

Chronic cervicitis (HPV)

Answer 25

Cervical cancer

Question 26

Chronic Cystitis ( Schistosomiasis)

Answer 26

Bladder cancer

Question 27

Sjogren and Hashiomoto thyroiditis

Answer 27

MALT lymphoma

Question 28

Asbestosis and silicosis ( asbestos fibers and silica particles)

Answer 28

Mesothelioma **if you see lung cancer that is first pick.**

Question 29

Osteomyelitis (bacteria)

Answer 29

Draining sinuses cancers

Question 30

Leukoplakia

Answer 30

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 31

Endometrial hyperplasia

Answer 31

Endometrial cancer

Question 32

Villous adenoma

Answer 32

Colorectal cancer

Question 33

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) Gene?

Answer 33

MLH1/MSH2 Autosomal dominant

Question 34

Fanconi anemia gene?

Answer 34

FANC Autosomal recessive

Question 35

Ataxia telangiectasia Gene?

Answer 35

Gene - ATM Autosomal recessive

Question 36

Li- Fraumeni syndrome Gene?

Answer 36

TP53 Autosomal dominant

Question 37

Von Hippel- Lindai disease gene?

Answer 37

VHL Autosomal dominant

Question 38

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)

Answer 38

APC Autosomal dominant

Question 39

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2a) Gene?

Answer 39

RET Autosomal dominant

Question 40

Familial retinoblastoma

Answer 40

RB1 Autosomal dominant

Question 41

neurofibromatosis Type 1

Answer 41

NF1 Autosomal dominant

Question 42

Familial breast and ovarian cancer

Answer 42

BRCA1/BRCA2 Autosomal dominant