Enviro Quiz #1

Question 1

Kinetic vs potential energy

Answer 1

Kinetic energy is the energy during motion while potential energy is stored energy.

Question 2

Radioactive decay

Answer 2

The process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation.

Question 3

Half-life

Answer 3

The time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay; calculated using the formula
t1/2 = 0.693/X

Question 4

Radiation

Answer 4

Energy that is emitted through waves or particles ex. sun energy, microwaves, X-rays, and gamma rays.

Question 5

1st Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 5

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

Question 6

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 6

In any energy transfer, the total entropy of a closed system will always increase.

Question 7

Entropy

Answer 7

A measure of disorder and randomness in a system.

Question 8

Organism

Answer 8

A living entity that can act independently and carry out life processes.

Question 9

Cellular respiration

Answer 9

The process of converting glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water, represented by the equation
C6H12O6+6O2= 6CO2 + 6H2O+ energy

Question 10

Aerobic vs Anaerobic

Answer 10

Aerobic respiration occurs with oxygen and releases more energy but more slowly. Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and releases less energy but more quickly.

Question 11

Ozone

Answer 11

Ozone is represented by the chemical formula
O3

Question 12

Sulfur dioxide

Answer 12

SO2

Question 13

Mutation

Answer 13

A change in the DNA sequence caused by errors in DNA replication or from the damaging effects of mutagens, such as chemicals and radiation

Question 14

Mutation

Answer 14

A change in the DNA sequence caused by errors in DNA replication or from the damaging effects of mutagens, such as chemicals and radiation

Question 15

Chromosome

Answer 15

A structure composed of DNA and proteins that carries genetic information.

Question 16

Gene pool

Answer 16

A total set of genetic information in one population

Question 17

Biodiversity

Answer 17

The variety of life in a particular ecosystem or on Earth as a whole.

Question 18

Plate tectonics

Answer 18

The theory explaining the movement of Earth’s lithospheric plates and their impact on geological processes.

Question 19

Weathering

Answer 19

The breakdown of rocks and minerals into smaller particles due to environmental factors.

Question 20

Rocks vs minerals

Answer 20

Rocks are solid aggregates of one or more minerals, while minerals are naturally occurring inorganic substances with a defined chemical composition.

Question 21

Climate vs weather

Answer 21

Climate refers to long-term atmospheric conditions in a region, while weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions.

Question 22

Biomagnification

Answer 22

The process by which the concentration of toxins increases in organisms at higher trophic levels.

Question 23

Bioaccumulation

Answer 23

The buildup of substances, like pesticides or heavy metals, in the tissues of living organisms over time.

Question 24

Food chains

Answer 24

Linear sequences showing how energy and nutrients flow through an ecosystem from producers to consumers.

Question 25

Food webs

Answer 25

Complex networks of interconnected food chains illustrating how different organisms are related through feeding relationships.

Question 26

Combustion

Answer 26

A chemical reaction that typically involves the rapid combination of a substance with oxygen, producing heat and light.

Question 27

Validity

Answer 27

The degree to which a test or measurement accurately measures what it is intended to.

Question 28

Accuracy vs precision

Answer 28

Accuracy refers to how close a measurement is to the true value, while precision refers to the consistency of repeated measurements.