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Machine Guarding > Environmental > Flashcards

Environmental Flashcards

1
Q

Deals with the natural world. It is concerned with the phenomena and objects of nature and the physical world.

A

Natural Science

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2
Q

formed in natural sciences must be verified scientifically to be regarded as ascientific theory.

A

Hypothesis

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3
Q

Natural science includes fields such:

A

Biology
Chemistry
Physics
Earth science
Astronomy

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4
Q

systematized knowledge derived from and tested by recognition and formulation of a problem, collection of data through observation, and experimentation.

A

science

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5
Q

thebranch of sciencedevoted to the study ofsocietiesand therelationshipsamongindividualswithin those societies.

A

Social science

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6
Q

Social science includes fields such as

A

Economics
political science
Law
Geography
education
History
Linguistics
anthropology

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7
Q

the disciplines of biology, chemistry, and physics (and their subdisciplines of microbiology, organic chemistry, nuclear physics, etc.) are focused on a particular aspect of natural science, ______________ in its broadest sense encompasses all the fields of natural science.

A

Environmental science

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8
Q

a profession that applies mathematics and science to utilize the properties of matter and sources of energy in the solution of problems of environmental sanitation.

A

Environmental engineering

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9
Q

Primary types of pollutions

A

Water Pollution
Air Pollution
Noise Pollution
Land

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10
Q

is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”.

A

Sustainable development (Sustainability)

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11
Q

the contamination ofwater bodies, usually as a result of human activities.

A

Water Pollution

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12
Q

4 Main Categories of Water Pollutants

A

Pathogens
Inorganic Material
Organic Material
Macroscopic Pollutants

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13
Q

can be bacteria, protozoa or viruses. Bacteria, for example, are commonly found in water;

A

Pathogens

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14
Q

in particular heavy metals like arsenic, mercury, copper, chromium, zinc and barium — though harmless in very small concentrations, act as pollutants when they end up concentrated in water.

Contains no carbon

A

Inorganic Materials

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15
Q

These materials contain molecules that have carbon in their makeup. One of the most frequently detected volatile organic chemicals is methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE).

A

Organic Material

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16
Q

are large, visible items in waterways or bodies of water. The first common pollutant is trash: especially plastic waste.

A

Macroscopic Pollutants

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17
Q

MAIN CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION

A

Sometimes caused by nature (Mercury filter on earth’s crust)

Most likely due to human activites

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18
Q

Rising global temperaturescaused by CO2emissions heat the water,reducing its oxygen content.

A

Global Warming or Maritime Traffic

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19
Q

Fellingforestscanexhaust water resourcesand generate organic residue which becomes a breeding ground for harmful bacteria.

A

Deforestration

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20
Q

Chemical dumping from these sectors is one of the main causes ofeutrophication of water.

A

Industry, agriculture and livestock farminng

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21
Q

The UN says that more than80% of the world’s sewagefinds its way into seas and rivers untreated.

A

Rubbish and faecal water dumping

22
Q

The transportation and storage of oil and its derivatives is subject toleakagethat pollutes our water resources.

A

Fuel spillage

23
Q

the presence of substances in theatmospherethat are harmful to thehealthofhumansand otherliving beings, or cause damage to theclimateor to materials.

A

Air Pollution

24
Q

5 Major Causes of Air Pollution

A

Industry
Vehicle Emissions
Household and Farming Chemicals
Deforestation
Smoking

25
Q

are a major contributor to air pollution. Industrial processes discharge pollutants such as nitrous oxide and hydrofluorocarbons into the air. Petroleum refineries also liberate lots of hydrocarbons into the air.

A

Industry

26
Q

livestock rearing and landfills also add to atmospheric methane concentrations

A

Agricultural practices

27
Q

are another source of fossil fuel emissions which invariably leads to air pollution. Cars, heavy duty trucks, shipping vessels, trains, and airplanes all burn lots of fossil fuels to work

A

Vehicle Emissions

28
Q

affects the atmosphere in more than a few ways. Forests act as sponges for carbon dioxide through a process called carbon sequestration.

A

Deforestation

29
Q

True or False?

there is no globally accepted composite
index of water quality,

A

True

30
Q

Water Quality Parameters

A

Selected parameters must have standard limit prescribed by
WHO/BIS/ICM

31
Q

WQI developed by

A

Brown 1972

32
Q

In 2012, the United Nations Conference onSustainable Developmentmet to discuss and develop a set of goals to work toward;

A

Sustainable Development = economy + environment + social community

33
Q

PDP

A

Philippine Development Plane (2017 -2022)

34
Q

depositionof solid or liquid waste materials on land or underground in a manner that can contaminate thesoilandgroundwater, threatenpublic health, and cause unsightly conditions and nuisances.

A

Land Pollution

35
Q

Major types and causes of land pollution

A

Agricultural Land Pollution
Non-biodegradable Solid Waste
Industrial Waste
Deforestation
Mining

36
Q

We use a lot of fertilizers as well as pesticides, fungicides, and insecticides on our agricultural land in a bid to maximize yields.

These agricultural inputs are all loaded with chemicals. The chemicals are effective in killing the pests and increasing production. But they also strip the soil of its minerals and other valuable compounds.

A

Agricultural Land Pollution

37
Q

There is a lot of waste that is generated in our homes, schools, hospitals, shops, and even workplaces. Most of this waste is non-biodegradable. It can take up to millions of years to decompose completely.

Includes metals, glass, and plastic products

A

Non-biodegradable Solid Waste

38
Q

are normally generated from agricultural produce processors, oil refineries, pharmaceuticals, construction sites, and energy producing power plants.

A

Industrial Waste

39
Q

also occur when we cut down trees to clear land for agriculture, construction, mining or other economic activities.

A

Land degradationand pollution

40
Q

leads to the total loss of the land’s value. Elimination of natural vegetation disrupts the ecosystem, adversely affecting various life forms.

A

Deforestation

41
Q

extraction of materials and ores from under the Earth’s surface also contributes to land pollution. These include the extraction of metals, oil, coal, stones, stand, and mineral ores such as gold.

A

Mining

42
Q

Solutions for Land Pollution

A

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Proper Waste Disposal

43
Q

also known asenvironmental noiseor soundpollution

A

Noise Pollution

44
Q

the propagation of noise with ranging impacts on the activity of human or animal life, most of them harmful to a degree.

A

Noise Pollution

45
Q

refers to noise that is produced continuously by machinery that does not stop working

A

Continuous Noise

46
Q

caused by the running of industrial machinery and appliances which can produce continuous or impulsive noise.

A

Industrial Noise

47
Q

refers to the quick rise or drop in the noise volume.

Can be a form of MRT train passing through occasionally

A

Intermittent Noise

48
Q

is characterised by its sudden and fast nature.

Pile drivers used by construction

A

Impulsive noise

49
Q

refers to the background noise that we hear in our surroundings.

A

Low frequency noise

50
Q

noise (500 Hertz and lower) from various sources is an increasingly common form of environmental noise pollution in urban environments and it can also be quite a challenging problem to treat effectively

A

Low Frequency Noise

51
Q

CAUSES OF NOISE POLLUTION

A

Traffic Noise
Air Traffic Noise
Construction Noise
Catering and Night life
Animals

Machine Guarding (4 decks)

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