Environmentalism and Env justice

Question 1

Environmentalism

Answer 1

Broad and contested term – focus on preservation and protection of the natural environment from anthropogenic activity

The policies and politics associated with ensuring this protection

Waves of environmentalism
Conservation (1870s to 1970s)
Protest and Regulation (1960s to 1970s)
Market Environmentalism e.g sell it, neoliberalism (1980s onward)

Question 2

Proportion of British adults worried about climate change

Answer 2

Office for National Statistics (2021)
Not actually the youngest most concerned, its 35-49
Women more worried than men

Question 3

Who should environmentalists trust and what should they value if Nature has come to an end?

Answer 3

(Lorimer and Driessen 2014)

Question 4

OVP

Answer 4

Nature reserve for the Anthropocene in the sense that it is willingly presented as a made site for knowing and experimenting with an uncertain future. It is uninhabited and uncultivated, but it is not purified. It is hybrid, in the sense that it is a knowing co-production of multispecies agencies.” (Lorimer and Driessen 2014)
Overabundance of herbivores, closed area, starved in winter

Question 5

Ecomodernist Manifesto

Answer 5

Future is urban, future is technological

Question 6

Right-Wing Populism and Net-Zero Policies

Answer 6

Populist political movements linking decarbonisation with broader societal antagonisms:

Link to the cost of living
Undemocratic nature of Net Zero
Politics of Fracking

(Atkins, 2022)

Question 7

Environmental Justice

Question 8

“A political claim that all people and communities have a right to safe, clean, and healthy environments. The environmental justice movement is closely bound up with campaigns against ‘environmental racism’, which challenges the unjust distribution of environmental harms along lines ofrace,ethnicity, and indigeneity.”

Answer 8

(Rodgers et al., 2013)

Question 9

Env Justice vs Climate Justice

Question 10

Extinction Rebellion

Answer 10

(2018)
Gov to declare climate emergency
Reduce GHG emissions by 2025
Set up of citizen assemblys
4th goal added when they moved to US

Question 11

Extinction rebellion critique

Answer 11

Mass arrest strategy is a privilege

Question 12

Radical climate protests linked with increase in public support for MODERATE orgs

Answer 12

Ostarek et al 2024

Question 13

Pacific Climate Warriors

Question 14

Just Transition

Answer 14

“The Just Transition Mechanism (JTM) is a key tool to ensure that the transition towards a climate-neutral economy happens in a fair way, leaving no one behind.” (European Commission 2023)
“1) climate justice concerns sharing the benefits and burdens of climate change from a human rights perspective;
(2) energy justice refers to the application of human rights across the energy life-cycle (from cradle to grave);
(3)environmental justice aims to treat all citizens equally and to involve them in the development, implementation and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations and policies.”
(Heffron and McCauley, 2018, p.74)