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enzyme 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

E.C. 3.1.1.3

A

LIPASE (LPS)

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2
Q

Responsible for triglyceride metabolism

A

LIPASE (LPS)

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2
Q

LIPASE (LPS) chemical name

A

Triacylglycerol Acylhydrolase

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2
Q

o Hydrolyzes glycerol esters of long chain fatty acids

A

LIPASE (LPS)

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2
Q

o most specific pancreatic marker

A

lipase

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2
Q

primary tissue in lipase

A

pancreas

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2
Q

lipase Expresses its full activity in the presence of

A

bile salts and colipase

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2
Q

substrate for cherry crandall

A

olive oil

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3
Q

substrate of vogel zieve

A

olive oil

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3
Q

reference method in titritmetric method

A

cherry crandall

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3
Q

titration is carried out by

A

potentiometry

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3
Q

 TISSUE SOURCES of lipase

A

Pancreas (1°source), GIT, leukocytes, adipose cells, colostrum

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3
Q

inhibitors of lipase

A

heavy metals, quinine & some esterase inhibitors

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3
Q

fatty acid is titrated w/ alkali solution

A

Titrimetric Methods

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3
Q

emulsion of fats produces milky appearance

A

Turbidimetric Methods

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3
Q

increases concentration of LPS

A

o Bacteria

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3
Q

lipase is not inhibited by

A

fluoride or arsenilate

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3
Q

based on the use of immunochromatography with monoclonal antibodies (meth of deter)

A

Urinary trypsinogen-2 test strip

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4
Q

substrate for modified cherry crandall

A

triolein

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4
Q

o incorporate sodium deoxycholate, CaCl2 , co-lipase

A

 Ziogenhean et. al. (Hoffman and Weiss)

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4
Q

 DuPont ACA Method substrate

A

triolein

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4
Q

 Fatty acid + chemical reagent

A

Fluorescein (4-methyl bellifuzone)

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4
Q

o Diffusion of enzyme into buffered agarose gel w/ deoxycholate & olive oil emulsion

A

 Rosital Diffusion Method

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4
Q

trypsin is Solely produced by

A

pancreatic acinar cells

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4
Cleaves peptide bonds formed between the –COOH group of lysine or arginine with other amino acids
TRYPSIN
4
 Radio-immunoassay : makes use of
1251-labeled lipase
4
elevation in acute pancreatitis
 Perforated peptic ulcer & duodenal ulcer  Intestinal obstruction  Mesenteric Vascular obstruction
4
acute pancreatitis is not elevated in
mumps
4
E.C.3.4.21.4
trypsin
5
o Erlanson & Bergstrom substrate
Tributyrin
5
fatty acids are extracted using Petroleum ether
 Myrtle and Zell method
5
 Pancreas-specific serine protease
TRYPSIN
5
acute pancreatitis decreases in (henry)
8 to 14 days
5
acute pancreatitis decreases in (tietz)
7 to 14 days
5
currently being used for differentiating the cause of acute pancreatitis
 Trypsin assays
5
o more elevated in alcohol-associated pancreatitis
 Trypsinogen-2 & trypsin-2-AAT
5
more elevated in biliary pancreatitis
 Trypsinogen-1, AMS & LPS
5
 E.C. 3.4.15.1
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE)
5
zymogen of trypsin
trypsinogen-1 & trypsinogen-2
5
activator of trypsin
Enterokinase
5
trypsin is Inactivated in plasma by
α-1-antitrypsin & α-2-macroglobulin
5
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) converts
angiotensin I to angiotensin II
5
o Diagnosis and monitoring sarcoidosis
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE)
6
 A.k.a peptidyl dipeptidase A / Kininase II
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE)
6
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) activity found in
lungs & endothelial cells
7
 Inactivation of bradykinin, encephalin, tachykinin
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE)
7
Elevations are more likely in pulmonary involvement
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE)
8
E.C. 3.1.1.7
True Cholinesterase
9
E.C. 3.1.1.8
Pseudocholinesterase
10
Cleaves succinylcholine
Pseudocholinesterase or Acylcholine Acyl hydrolase
10
muscle relaxant used during surgery
succinylcholine
11
Can be found in Liver, myocardium & pancreas
Pseudocholinesterase or Acylcholine Acyl hydrolase
11
Diagnosis of organophosphate insecticide poisoning
cholinesterase
11
E.C. 3.4.11.1
Leucine Aminopeptidase (LAP)
12
o True Cholinesterase uses
acetylcholine
12
o Pseudocholinesterase uses
butyrylthiocholine
12
 True Cholinesterase can be found in
o CNS, RBCs, Lung and Spleen
12
o Released thiocholine reacts with
Ellman’s reagent
13
True Cholinesterase (E.C. 3.1.1.7) & Pseudocholinesterase (E.C. 3.1.1.8) product is measured
photometrically
14
major isoenzyme of LAP
liver
15
o Important in hydrolysis of Oxytocin & Angiotensin II
placental iso
15
o Increased during 3rd trimester of pregnancy
placental iso
15
LAP NV in males
19.2 – 48.0 IU/L
16
- Increased in obstructive liver diseases
LAP
16
 Widely distributed; cell membrane-bound
5’-Nucleotidase
16
 Increased 5’-NT (disease)
o Acute hepatitis o Ovarian carcinoma o Rheumatoid arthritis
16
LAP NV in females
18.0 – 44.4 IU/L
16
other name of 5’-Nucleotidase
 5’-ribonucleoside phosphohydrolase
17
E.C.3.1.3.5
5’-Nucleotidase
17
 Heme-containing protein that binds O2 with cardiac and skeletal muscle
myoglobin
17
Myocardial infarction is diagnosed by the presence of 2 out of 3 features
a. Chest pain - prolonged b. ECG changes c. Cardiac enzymes
18
 Levels are related to muscle mass and activity
Myoglobin
18
 Reasonable sensitivity but poor specificity for MI dx
Myoglobin
19
 Earliest marker in MI
Myoglobin
19
 Govern excitation-contraction coupling
Troponin
19
 Bind O2 within cardiac and skeletal muscle
Troponin
20
tropomyosin binding unit
o Troponin T (cTnT)
21
calcium-binding subunit
o Troponin C (TnC)
22
inhibitory subunit (binds to actin)
o Troponin I (cTnI)
23
troponin sub units that are bound to muscle fibers
 cTnT and cTnI
24
 cTnT and cTnI are bound to muscle fibers (weeks)
1–2 weeks after MI
24
 “gold standard” for diagnosis of MI
troponin
25
 False positive results in troponin
o Fibrin (incompletely clotted specimen) o Rheumatoid Factor
25
troponin specimen of choice
heparinized samples
26
If both myoglobin and CA – III are increased it cause
skeletal muscle injury
26
critical element in the dev’t of unstable angina & MI
 Thrombus formation
27
 Protein marker found in skeletal muscle
CA – III (CA Isoenzyme III)
28
CA – III (CA Isoenzyme III) is not found in
cardiac muscle
29
diagnostic test of choice for recognition of cardiac injury
troponin
30
Markers for Cardiac Muscle injury existing with Skeletal Muscle injury
 Total CK, AST, Myoglobin

CC2 (5 decks)

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