Enzyme Classes

Question 1

Name the 7 Enzyme classes

Answer 1

Oxido-reductases, Transferases, Hydrolases, Lyases, Isomerases, Ligases, Ribozymes

Question 2

Name the Oxido-reductases (last names)

Answer 2

Dehydrogenase, Reductase, (Decarboxylase)

Question 3

What does Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) do in the Liver? What co-enzyme is needed?

Answer 3

Lactate —> Pyruvate
NAD+ —> NADH + H

Question 4

What does Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) do in Muscle + RBCs? What co-enzyme is needed?

Answer 4

Pyruvate —> Lactate
NADH + H —> NAD+

Question 5

Where is Succinate dehydrogenase located? What does it take place in here?

Answer 5

Mitochondria, Kreb’s cycle

Question 6

What does Succinate dehydrogenase do? What co-enzyme is needed?

Answer 6

Succinate —> Fumarate
FAD —> FADH2

Question 7

Where is pyruvate dehydrogenase located?

Answer 7

Mitochondria

Question 8

What does pyruvate dehydrogenase do? What co-enzyme is needed for the decarboxylase step? What 2 co-enzymes are needed for the dehydrogenase step?

Answer 8

Pyruvate —> Acetyl CoA
TPP
NAD —> NADH + H
CoASH

Question 9

Where is retinaldehyde reductase located?

Answer 9

Liver

Question 10

What does Retinaldehyde Reductase do? What co-enzyme is needed

Answer 10

Retinal —> Retinol
NADPH + H —> NADP

Question 11

Where is LDH located?

Answer 11

Liver, Muscle + RBCs

Question 12

Name the Transferases (last names)

Answer 12

Transaminases, Kinase

Question 13

Where is the enzyme SGPT (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase) located? What is it AKA?

Answer 13

ALT (alanine transaminase)
Muscle, Liver

Question 14

What does ALT do in the muscle? What co-enzyme is needed?

Answer 14

Pyruvate + glutamate —> alanine + alpha-ketoglutarate
Pyridoxal 5 phosphate

Question 15

What does ALT do in the Liver? What co-enzyme is needed?

Answer 15

Alanine + alpha-ketoglutarate —> Pyruvate + Glutamate
Pyridoxal 5 phosphate

Question 16

Where is Creatine Kinase located?

Answer 16

Muscle

Question 17

What does Creatine Kinase do? What co-enzyme is needed?

Answer 17

Creatine <—> Creatine P
ATP —> ADP

Question 18

Name the Hydrolases (last names)

Answer 18

Glucose-6-Phosphatase, Digestive enzymes

Question 19

Where is the enzyme Glucose-6-Phosphatase located?

Answer 19

Liver

Question 20

What does Glucose-6-Phosphatase do? What co-enzyme is needed?

Answer 20

Glucose6P —> Glucose
H2O

Question 21

Name the Lyases (last names)

Answer 21

Anhydrase, Hydroxylases

Question 22

Where is the enzyme Carbonic Anhydrase located?

Answer 22

RBC in tissues + lungs

Question 23

What does Carbonic Anhydrase do in RBC in tissues? What co-factor is needed?

Answer 23

CO2 + H20 —> H2CO3
Zinc

Question 24

What does Carbonic Anhydrase do in RBC in lungs? What co-factor is needed?

Answer 24

H2CO3 —> CO2 + H20
Zinc

Question 25

Where is the enzyme Prolyl Hydroxylase located?

Answer 25

Collagen (synthesis)

Question 26

What does Prolyl Hydroxylase do?

Answer 26

Proline + OH —> Hydroxy-proline

Question 27

What *co-enzyme* do all Hydroxylases need? What is required for this?

Answer 27

*Reduced form Vit C* needs bioflavonoids

Question 28

Where is Dopamine hydroxylase located?

Answer 28

Sympathetic chain ganglia; adrenal medulla

Question 29

Where is Lysyl hydroxylase located?

Answer 29

Collagen (synthesis)

Question 30

What does Lysyl hydroxylase do?

Answer 30

Lysine + OH —> Hydroxylysine

Question 31

What does Dopamine Hydroxylase do?

Answer 31

Dopamine —> Norepinephrine

Question 32

Where are Ribozymes located? What are they not? What rxn do they do?

Answer 32

Nucleus, NOT PROTEINS, exon splicing

Question 33

What enzymes are isomerases? Where are isomerases located? What rxn do they do?

Answer 33

G3P <-> DHAP; Glucose <-> Fructose RBCs + Liver Ketose <-> Aldose

Question 34

What enzymes are ligases? Where are they located?

Answer 34

Pyruvate carboxylase Mitochondria + liver

Question 35

What rxn does pyruvate carboxylase do? What *co-enzyme* + additional thing does this require?

Answer 35

Pyruvate + CO2 --> oxaloacetate *carboxybiotin* + ATP