Enzymes

Question 1

Enzymes

Answer 1

Protein that act as catalyst for biochemical reactions (Undergoes all reactions of protein including denaturation)

Question 2

Protein that act as catalyst for biochemical reactions

Answer 2

Enzymes

Question 3

protein only/ amino acid chain only

Answer 3

Simple Enzymes

Question 4

Nonprotein part + protein part

Answer 4

Conjugated protein

Question 5

Protein part of conjugated enzyme

Answer 5

Apoenzyme

Question 6

Nonprotein part of conjugated enzyme

Answer 6

Cofactor

Question 7

biochemically active conjugated enzyme

Answer 7

Holoenzyme

Question 8

Derived from dietary vitamins; co-enzyme/co-substrate

Answer 8

Small organic molecules

Question 9

Derived from dietary minerals

Answer 9

Inorganic ions

Question 10

Reactant in enzyme-catalyzed reaction

Answer 10

Substrate

Question 11

Major class: oxidation-reduction

Answer 11

Oxidoreductases

Question 12

Oxidoreductases

Answer 12

Major class; oxidation reduction

Question 13

Major class; Functional group transfer reaction

Answer 13

transferases

Question 14

Transferases

Answer 14

Major class; Functional group transfer reactions

Question 15

Major class; hydrolysis reaction

Answer 15

Hydrolases

Question 16

Hydrolases

Answer 16

major class; hydrolysis reaction

Question 17

Major class; addition or removal, form double bond

Answer 17

Lyases

Question 18

Lyases

Answer 18

Major class; addition or removal of group, forms double bond

Question 19

Major class; isomerisation reaction

Answer 19

Isomerase

Question 20

Isomerase

Answer 20

Major class; isomerisation reaction

Question 21

subclass of oxidoredutases; oxidation reaction

Answer 21

Oxidase

Question 22

Subclass of oxidoreductases; reduction reaction

Answer 22

reductases

Question 23

Subclass of oxidoreductases; Introduces double bond by removal of 2 hydrogen(oxidation), hydrogen accepted by co-enzyme

Answer 23

Dehydrogenase

Question 24

Subclass of transferases; Transfer amino group between substrates

Answer 24

Transaminases

Question 25

subclass of transferases; transfers phosphate group between subtrates

Answer 25

Kinases

Question 26

Subclass of hydrolases; Hydrolysis of ester linkages in lipids

Answer 26

Lipases

Question 27

subclass of hydrolases; hydrolysis of amide linkages in proteins

Answer 27

proteases

Question 28

subclass of hydrolases; Hydrolysis of sugar-phosphate ester bonds in nucleic acids

Answer 28

Nucleases

Question 29

subclass of hydrolases; hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in carbohydrates

Answer 29

carbohydrases

Question 30

Subclass of hydrolases; Hydrolysis of phosphate-ester binds

Answer 30

phosphatases

Question 31

Subclass of lyases; Removal of H2O from substrate

Answer 31

dehydratases

Question 32

subclass of lysases; removal of CO2 from substrate

Answer 32

decarboxylases

Question 33

subclass of lyases; removal of NH3 from substrate

Answer 33

deaminases

Question 34

subclass of lyases; addition of H2O to substrate

Answer 34

hydratases

Question 35

subclass of isomerases; Conversion of D to L or vice versa

Answer 35

racemases

Question 36

subclass of isomerases; transfer of functional group to different position in the same molecule

Answer 36

mutases

Question 37

subclass of ligases; formation of new bond between substrates with participation of ATP

Answer 37

synthetases

Question 38

subclass of ligases; formation of new bond between substrate and CO2 with participation of ATP

Answer 38

carboxylases

Question 39

Place where substrate binds, may be more than one in an enzyme

Answer 39

active site

Question 40

intermediate reaction species that forms when substrate binds with active site

Answer 40

enzyme substrate complex

Question 41

Lock and key model; active site fixed in shape

Answer 41

Fischer mechanism

Question 42

Induced-fit model; Active site adapts to substrate

Answer 42

Koshland mechanism

Question 43

asymmetrical pockets; 3-d amino acid side chain surfae

Answer 43

active site

Question 44

10^3 - 10^8 time faster than uncatalyzed reaction

Answer 44

Catalytic efficiency

Question 45

No. of substrate molecules an enzyme can process per second when saturated with substrate

Answer 45

Turnover number = kcat

Question 46

Interacts with 1 or few substrate; Catalyzes 1 or few chemical reaction

Answer 46

Specificity

Question 47

Can be activated or inhibited so the rate of formation fits the needs of the cell

Answer 47

Regulation

Question 48

Enzymes are located in specific organelles(compartmentalized)

Answer 48

Location within the cell

Question 49

Number of substrate converted to product per unit time(umol/min)

Answer 49

Reaction Velocity (v)

Question 50

Enumerate the factors that affect reaction velocity

Answer 50

Temparature, pH, [Substrate], [Enzyme], presence of inhibitor, presence of cofactor

Question 51

Optimum temperature for human enzymes

Answer 51

37 degree celsius (body temp)

Question 52

Any substance that can diminish the velocity of enzyme-catalyzed reaction

Answer 52

Inhibitor