Enzymes Flashcards
(15 cards)
what is a catalyst
A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction, without being changed itself.
without enzymes…and why do we need them?
Rate of reactions can become very slow or not happen at all. Enzymes are needed as they ensure that the rate of metabolic reaction is fast enough to sustain life.
what is the enzyme that breakdown starch to maltose?
Amylase
what is the enzyme to digest breakdown proteins into amino acids?
Protease
what is a Catalase?
An enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide into
water and oxygen
what type of enzyme is carbohydrases?
Enzymes that break down carbohydrates
what type of enzyme is lipases?
An enzyme that breaks down lipids (fats or oils)
what type of enzyme is Maltase?
An enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of maltose to glucose
what type of enzyme is sucrase?
A enzyme that breaks down sucrose
what is a substrate?
A substance that an enzyme causes to react.
How do enzymes react with a substrate?
Each enzyme has a specific shape, having a dent in it also know as the active site.
An enzyme works by allowing a substrate that has the same shape as the substrate to fill into the active site. Which allows them to bind, once they are bound together the enzyme changes the substrate into a new substance called the product.
where it then breaks free and is now able to bind with other substrates.
define “active side”
The part of an enzyme molecule that is where a substrate is able to temporarily bind together.
define “product”
the new substance that is formed by a chemical reaction.
what are some factors that affect enzymes?
Temperature and PH.
each enzyme has its own optimum temp and ph that they work best in.
What is the enzyme-substrate complex?
The short-lived structure formed as the substrate binds temporally to the active site of an enzyme
