Enzymes Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.
True or False: Enzymes are consumed in the reactions they catalyze.
False
Fill in the blank: Enzymes lower the __________ energy of a reaction.
activation
What is the active site of an enzyme?
The active site is the region on the enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction occurs.
Which term describes the specific substrate an enzyme acts upon?
Specificity
What is the effect of temperature on enzyme activity?
Enzyme activity typically increases with temperature up to an optimal point, after which it decreases due to denaturation.
What are coenzymes?
Coenzymes are organic molecules that assist enzymes in catalyzing reactions.
Multiple choice: What is the primary function of enzymes?
To catalyze biochemical reactions.
True or False: All enzymes are proteins.
False (some are RNA-based, known as ribozymes)
What does the term ‘enzyme kinetics’ refer to?
Enzyme kinetics is the study of the rates of enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
Fill in the blank: Enzymes are sensitive to __________ changes.
pH
What is a substrate?
A substrate is the reactant molecule upon which an enzyme acts.
Multiple choice: Which of the following factors can affect enzyme activity?
Temperature, pH, substrate concentration, and enzyme concentration.
What is enzyme inhibition?
Enzyme inhibition is a process in which a molecule decreases or stops the activity of an enzyme.
True or False: Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site of an enzyme.
True
What is an allosteric site?
An allosteric site is a site on an enzyme other than the active site that can bind regulatory molecules.
Fill in the blank: The __________ model describes how enzymes and substrates fit together.
lock and key
What is the role of feedback inhibition in metabolic pathways?
Feedback inhibition regulates the activity of enzymes to prevent overproduction of end products.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of enzyme?
Polysaccharide
What is the significance of enzyme concentration in a reaction?
Higher enzyme concentration generally increases the rate of reaction, provided substrate is available.
True or False: Enzymes can be reused multiple times after catalyzing a reaction.
True
What is the term for the maximum rate of reaction when all enzyme active sites are saturated?
Vmax
Fill in the blank: Enzymes are typically named after their __________.
substrates
What is the effect of substrate concentration on enzyme activity?
Increasing substrate concentration increases the rate of reaction up to a point of saturation.
