enzymes

Question 1

define enzymes

Answer 1

enzymes are biological catalyst that can speed up chemical reaction without itself being chemically changed at the end of the reaction

Question 2

what are the two types of metabolic reactions

Answer 2

1. anabolic reaction
2. catabolic reaction

Question 3

define anabolic reactions

Answer 3

refers to the process of synthesising macromolecules from monomers or simple molecules

Question 4

define catabolic reaction

Answer 4

refers to the process of breaking of macromolecules into monomers or simple molecules

Question 5

what do amylase digest?

Answer 5

amylase digest starch to maltose

Question 6

what do maltase digest

Answer 6

maltase digest maltose to glucose

Question 7

what do protease digest?

Answer 7

protease digest protein to polypeptide to amino acids

Question 8

what do lipases digest?

Answer 8

digest fats to fatty acids and glycerol

Question 9

what do carbohydrases digest?

Answer 9

digest carbohydrates

Question 10

functions of an enzyme (4 points)

Answer 10

1. highly specific in their action
2. enzyme specificity means that each chemical reaction inside a cell is catalysed by a unique enzyme
3. speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy
4. help break large molecules into simple and smaller substances so that they are soluble in water & small enough to diffuse through the cell membrane

Question 11

lock and key (say everything you know) (7points)

Answer 11

-enzyme reactions depends on the presence of active sites.
-active sites are “pockets” on the surface of the surface of an enzyme molecule
-only substrate with matching shape can fit into the “pockets” of the active site
-when the substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme, an enzyme substrate complex is formed
-reaction take place at the active site to convert the substrate molecule into product molecule
-the product molecule separates from the enzyme
-enzyme molecule remains unchanged and is free to combine with more substrate molecules

Question 12

why temp above optimum temp causes a rapid decrease in the rate of enzyme reaction? (2 points)

Answer 12

1.the active site of the enzyme begins to lose its original shape and is no longer complementary to the shape of substrate molecules.
2. denature starts to happen

Question 13

what happens to enzyme in their most optimum temp.

Answer 13

highest rate of enzyme substrate complex being formed. optimum temp is about (40 - 45 degree)

Question 14

why do rate of enzyme reaction reached plateau?

Answer 14

1. enzymes are fully occupied/saturated
2. stops plateau until enzymes are available