Enzymes + Changing Conditions Flashcards
(9 cards)
What happens to an enzyme when the temperature increases beyond its optimal level?
The enzyme denatures, causing the reaction to slow down.
Denaturation refers to the alteration of the enzyme’s structure, leading to a loss of function.
What is the relationship between enzyme activity and substrate complementarity?
If the enzyme denatures, the substrate is no longer complementary to the active site, slowing the reaction.
Complementarity is crucial for enzyme-substrate interactions.
What is the effect of temperature below the optimal on enzyme activity?
Enzyme activity decreases as the temperature decreases.
Lower temperatures can reduce the kinetic energy of molecules, leading to fewer collisions between enzymes and substrates.
What is the optimal temperature for enzyme activity typically measured in degrees Celsius?
The optimal temperature is usually around 37°C for many human enzymes.
This temperature allows for maximum enzyme activity in physiological conditions.
Fill in the blank: An increase in temperature or pH beyond optimal levels causes enzymes to _______.
denature
True or False: Enzymes can function at any temperature without losing activity.
False
Enzymes have specific optimal conditions under which they function best.
What are the consequences of slowed enzyme reactions in the body?
Insufficient minerals and vitamins in the blood, which could lead to health issues.
Enzymatic reactions are crucial for metabolic processes and nutrient absorption.
What occurs to an enzyme when the pH level is above its optimal range?
The enzyme denatures, leading to a decrease in reaction rate.
Each enzyme has an optimal pH range, and deviations can affect its structure and function.
What is the impact of temperature on the rate of reaction of enzymes?
The rate of reaction increases with temperature until the optimal point, then decreases as denaturation occurs.
This relationship is often depicted as a bell-shaped curve.
