Enzymes in medicine GS

Question 1

Serine proteases

Answer 1

enzymes that cleave peptide bond in proteins in which serine serves as the nucleophilic amino acid at the enzymes active site

Question 2

Oxidoreducates?

Answer 2

oxidation/reduction reactions

- alcohol dehydrogenase

Question 3

Transferases?

Answer 3

transfer of functional groups

- hexokinase

Question 4

Hydrolases?

Answer 4

hydrolysis reactions

- trypsin

Question 5

Lyases?

Answer 5

addition of double bonds

- carbonic anhydrase

Question 6

Isomerases?

Answer 6

isometric reactions

- L-alanine isomerase

Question 7

Ligases?

Answer 7

formation of bonds with ATP cleavage

- glutamine synthase

Question 8

Translocaseses?

Answer 8

catalyse the movement of ions across membranes

- P-type H+ exporting transporter

Question 9

Cofactors?

Answer 9

enzyme recruits these to hold on to hydrogen for it when produced

• prosthetic groups
• can donate hydrogen ions to another reaction
• we cannot synthesise most cofactors - we must get them from the diet via enzymes

Question 10

NAD, NADP?

Answer 10

H transfer

- niacin vitamin

Question 11

FAD, FMN?

Answer 11

H transfer

- riboflavin (B2) vitamin

Question 12

Coenzyme A?

Answer 12

acyl group transfer

- pantothenic acid vitamin

Question 13

Lipoic acid?

Answer 13

acyl group transfer

- lipoid acid vitamin

Question 14

Thiamine pyrophosphate?

Answer 14

acyl group transfer

- thiamine (B1) vitamin

Question 15

Biotin?

Answer 15

carboxylation (CO2) transfer

- biotin vitamin

Question 16

Pyridoxal phosphate?

Answer 16

transamination (-NH2) transfer

- pyridoxal (B6) vitamin

Question 17

Tetrahydrofolic acid?

Answer 17

1&2 C metabolism

- folic acid vitamin