Enzymes, Photosynthesis, & Respiration

Question 1

Process used to regenerate NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue in an oxygen-poor environment

Answer 1

Fermentation

Question 2

Reaction where reactants have more energy than products; energy is released

Answer 2

Exergonic

Question 3

Get energy from chemical compounds

Answer 3

Chemotrophs

Question 4

Area in the mitochondria equivalent to the cytoplasm of an aerobic bacteria

Answer 4

Matrix

Question 5

Using energy of redox reactions in respiration to synthesize ATP

Answer 5

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 6

Electron carrier molecule generated in the light reactions of photosynthesis and used in the calvin cycle

Answer 6

NADPH

Question 7

Reaction where products have more energy than reactants; energy is supplied

Answer 7

Endergonic

Question 8

Energy provided to start a chemical reaction

Answer 8

Activation energy

Question 9

Sac in the chloropast

Answer 9

Thylakoid

Question 10

A molecule that lowers the activation energy

Answer 10

Catalyst

Question 11

Get energy from sunlight

Answer 11

Phototrophs

Question 12

Cycle used in the mitochondria to obtain energy from the remaining carbon-carbon bonds of glucose

Answer 12

Krebs

Question 13

Get carbon from carbon dioxide

Answer 13

Autotrophs

Question 14

Three carbon compound at the end of glycolysis

Answer 14

Pyruvate

Question 15

A protein that functions as a catalyst

Answer 15

Enzyme

Question 16

Membrane in the chloroplasts and mitochondria that are equivalent to the bacterial plasma membrane

Answer 16

Inner membrane

Question 17

Organelle that arose from cyanobacteria

Answer 17

Chloroplast

Question 18

Protein that generates ATP from a hydrogen ion gradient

Answer 18

ATP synthase

Question 19

Organelle that is able to use oxygen to get chemical energy out of carbon-carbon bonds and synthesize ATP

Answer 19

Mitochondria

Question 20

The process of a product inhibiting the synthesis of more product

Answer 20

Feedback inhibition

Question 21

Universal energy currency in the cell

Answer 21

ATP

Question 22

Area in the center of the thylakoid where hydrogen ions are pumped

Answer 22

Lumen

Question 23

Term used for the energy of a hydrogen ion gradient being used the generate ATP

Answer 23

Chemiosmosis

Question 24

Process of splitting glucose into two 3-carbon compounds

Answer 24

Glycolysis

Question 25

Protein that places elections into NADP+

Answer 25

Nadpreductase

Question 26

Two carbon compound generated after pyruvate is oxidized

Answer 26

Acetylcoa

Question 27

A series of redox reactions that occur among proteins in a membrane; often involves pumping hydrogen ions

Answer 27

Electron transport chain

Question 28

Area where hydrogen ions are pumped in the mitochondria to drive ATP synthesis

Answer 28

Intermembrane space

Question 29

Stack of thylakoids in the chloroplast

Answer 29

Grana

Question 30

Protein that fixes CO2; most common on Earth

Answer 30

Rubisco

Question 31

Chloroplast space equivalent to the cytoplasm

Answer 31

Stroma

Question 32

The process of Rubisco grabbing oxygen instead of CO2

Answer 32

Photorespiration

Question 33

Directly synthesizing ATP from the energy in C-C bonds

Answer 33

Substrate level phosphorylation

Question 34

Cyclical process for fixing carbon dioxide in plants

Answer 34

Calvin Cycle

Question 35

Most common election carrier used in respiration

Answer 35

NADH

Question 36

The process of fixing carbon and storing light energy on C-C bonds

Answer 36

Photosynthesis

Question 37

Timepoint in Earth's history when cyanobacteria became prevalent and changed atmospheric and oceanic chemistry

Answer 37

Oxygen Revolution

Question 38

Using the energy of light to synthesize ATP

Answer 38

Photo phosphorylation

Question 39

Type of plant that solves photorespiration by increasing CO2 deep inside the leaf

Answer 39

C4

Question 40

Less common electron carrier used respiration

Answer 40

FADH2

Question 41

The process of releasing the energy of C-C bonds to produce ATP

Answer 41

Respiration

Question 42

Pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy

Answer 42

Chlorophyll

Question 43

Phenomena that occurs when light energy is converted to electrical energy or vise versa

Answer 43

Photo electric effect

Question 44

Membrane around chloroplasts and mitochondria that originated from the host cell during endosymbiosis

Answer 44

Outer membrane

Question 45

Get carbon from organic compounds

Answer 45

Heterotrophs

Question 46

Two carbon compound that is the result of fermentation in yeast

Answer 46

Ethanol

Question 47

Type of plant that solves photorespiration by grabbing CO2 at night and releasing it in the cell at high concentrations during the day

Answer 47

CAM

Question 48

Complex in photosynthesis that pumps protons into the lumen

Answer 48

B6F

Question 49

Three carbon compound that is the result of fermentation in humans

Answer 49

Lactate