Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY SIR BALCE LECTURE > ENZYMOLOGY > Flashcards

ENZYMOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Uses olive oil or triolein as substrate ( TAG + H2O in the presence of LIPASE will produce GLYCEROL and FATTY ACIDS) FA will be SUBSEQUENTLY TITRATED

A

Cherry-crandall method (LIPASE DETERMINATION)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Measures the rate of clearing as fats are hydrolyzed by LPS

A

TURBIDIMETRIC METHOD ( LPS DETERMINATION)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Based on coupled reactions with Glycerol Kinase and Peroxidase ( detection of glycerol)

A

Colorimetric methods (LPS determination)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Reference value for LPS

A

<38 U/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Significance:

Hepatolbilliary disorders, Alcoholic Liver Disease, Microsomal induction by drugs and alcohol; also used to ID the source of increased ALP

A

GAMMA GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE (GGT)

>GGT and 5NT = hepatolbilliary disorders Normal GGT and >5NT = Biliary obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Best enzymatic marker for ALCOHOLISM

A

GGT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Clinical significance:
INTRAHEPATIC CHOLELSTASIS

also use to ID source of elevated ALP

A

5` Nucleotidase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Major source of ACP

A

Prostate, RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Significance of ACP

A

Prostatic Cancer, hyperplasia, RAPE CASES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ACP determination

A

Roy method:
Substrate: Thymophthalein Monophosphate
CHEM. INHIBITION:

  1. TARTRATE ( - prostatic ACP)
  2. COPPER AND FORMALDEHYDE (- RBC ACP)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Aldolase significance

A

Skeletal muscle disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Enzyme responsible for BP regulation

A

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Glycogen phosphorylase significance

A

AMI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pancreatic marker
Increased in acute pancreatic insufficiency
And decreased in chronic pancreatic insufficiency

A

Trypsin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Miscellaneous enzymes that are only significant when increase

A

ACP
ALDOLASE
GUTAMATE DH
GLUTARHIONE-S-T
ACE
GLYOCGEN PHOSPHORYLASE
TRYPSIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Miscellaneous enzymes that are only significant when decrease

A

Chymotrypsin/Elastase 1
G-6-PD
PK
pseudo ChE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Clinical significant if decreased in the following conditions

Chronic pancreatic insufficiency
Steatorrhea
Undigested muscle fibers

A

Chymotrypsin/Elastase 1

18
Q

Miscellaneous enzyme decreased in drug induced hemolytic anemia

A

G-6-PD

19
Q

Clinical significant of PYRUVATE KINASE

A

If decreased, in Hemolytic disorders such as Hemolytic anemia secondary to membrane abnormality. Congenital echinocytosis

20
Q

Significance of Pseudo ChE

A

When decreased in SERUM, Pesticide poisoning, Liver disease, Genetic variance (prolonged response to muscle relaxants)

21
Q

O T H L I L
1 2 3 4 5 6

A

Oxidoreductase
Trnasferases
Hydrolase
Lyases
Isomerase
Ligase

22
Q

Biologic protein catalyst that accelerates biochemical reactions without being consumed or changed in composition

A

Enzyme

23
Q

Catalytic mechanism

A

E + S <—-> ES complex <—-> P + E

24
Q

• Substrate <Enzyme
• Enzyme> Substrate

Substrate- rate-limiting component

A

First-Order Kinetics

25
Q

• Enzyme <Substrate
• Substrate >Enzyme

A

Zero-Order kinetics

26
Q

2 ways to plot Enzyme Activity

A

Michaelis - menten
Lineweaver-Burke plot

27
Q

Measurements of enzyme activity or rate of velocity

A

IU - mmol/minute
Katal - mol/second
“Conversions:
1IU = 0.0167
Ukat = 16. 7
1 kat = 1.6 IU”

28
Q

Factors that influence enzymatic reaction

A

pH
Temperature
Cofactors
Inhinitors

29
Q

Noncompetitive inhibitor

A

Binding site is allosteric site
Addition of S no effect

Low Vmax
Same Km

30
Q

Competitive inhibition

A

Binding site is active site
Addition of Sreverses inhibition

Same Vmax
Low Km

31
Q

Uncompetitive inhibition

A

Binding site is ES complex
Addition of S increases the inhibition

Low Vmax and Km

32
Q

Enzyme + Immunoglobulin

A

Macro enzyme (type 1)

33
Q

Enzyme + no immunoglobulin substance

A

Macro enzyme (type 2)

34
Q

Enzymes with macro forms

A

CK
AMS
LD
AST
ACP
ALP
LPS
GGT

35
Q

Creatinine kinase tissue sources

A

BRAIN HEART SKELETAL MUSCLES

36
Q

Creatinine kinase pronounced elevation

A

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy, polymyositis,
Dermapolymyositis,
Myocardial infarction

37
Q

CK isoenzymes

A

CK1
CK2
MAXRO-CK
CK3
MI

38
Q

CK determination tests

A

Tanzer-Gilvarg

Oliver-Rosalki

39
Q

LDH tissue sources

A

LD1- Heart, RBCs, Renal Cortex
LD2 - same as LD1
LD3 - Lungs, Lymphocytes, Spleen, Pancreas
LD4- liver, skeletal muscle
LD5 - same as LD5

40
Q

LD6

A

Alcohol dehydrogenase

41
Q

CK mild to moderate elevation

A

Acute agitated psychosis, alcoholic myopathy, severe exercise, delirium tremens, severe ischemic Injury, pulmonary infarction, intramuscular injection, hypothyroidism

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY SIR BALCE LECTURE (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions