EO3 - Chapters 6,7,8

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

Learned behaviors, actions, beliefs, and objects in a visible force.

Question 2

Cultural trait

Answer 2

A single element of a culture. Combined with many, make up a culture.

Question 3

Cultural complex

Answer 3

Interrelated groups of cultural traits that talk about a society.

Question 4

Culture hearth

Answer 4

Unique culture or trait developing in a place.

Question 5

Taboo

Answer 5

Behaviors heavily discouraged by a culture.

Question 6

Folk culture

Answer 6

Small similar groups of people that often live in rural, isolated areas and are unwilling to change their practices.

Question 7

Sense of place

Answer 7

People’s feelings toward a place.

Question 8

Cultural region

Answer 8

Areas with similar cultural traits.

Question 9

Formal region

Answer 9

Region defined by governments and experts.

Question 10

Functional region

Answer 10

Regions based on interaction, mostly centered on a node.

Question 11

Perceptual region

Answer 11

How people think about places. No defined boundaries.

Question 12

Cultural landscape

Answer 12

Visible reflections of a culture on a landscape.

Question 13

Ethnic enclave

Answer 13

Clusters of people of the same culture, usually surrounded by a population dominant to that region.

Question 14

Culture realm

Answer 14

Large areas that include several regions. Defined by language families, religious traditions, food preferences, architecture, and shared history that they have in common.

Question 15

Space-time compression

Answer 15

Development in transportation and communication that have shortened the time required for interaction between places.

Question 16

Globalization

Answer 16

Intensified interaction among people, governments, and companies of different countries around the world.

Question 17

Popular culture

Answer 17

Culture not tied to a specific location, but to a general location based on widespread diffusion.

Question 18

Diffusion

Answer 18

Spread of information, ideas, behaviors, and other cultural aspects over a wide area.

Question 19

Relocation diffusion

Answer 19

Spread of a cultural trait by people that migrate and carry their cultural traits with them.

Question 20

Expansion diffusion

Answer 20

Indirect or direct spread of cultural traits without migration.

Question 21

Contagious diffusion

Answer 21

Cultural traits spread outward from its hearth through contact among people.

Question 22

Hierarchical diffusion

Answer 22

Culture spread outward from the most interconnected places or from centers of wealth and importance.

Question 23

Reverse hierarchical diffusion

Answer 23

Cultural traits spread from a lower class to a higher class.

Question 24

Stimulus diffusion

Answer 24

People in a culture adopt an idea from another culture, but they alter it because they reject one trait from it.

Question 25

Acculturation

Answer 25

Cultures come into contact and the less dominant culture adopts traits of the more dominant culture.

Question 26

Assimilation

Answer 26

An ethnic group can no longer be distinguished from the receiving group.

Question 27

Multiculturalism

Answer 27

Coexistence of several cultures in one society.

Question 28

Nativist

Answer 28

Anti-immigrant attitudes.

Question 29

Linguist

Answer 29

Scientists who study languages.

Question 30

Language tree

Answer 30

Shows the relationship between language families; how they are related and how they grow out of each other.

Question 31

Indo-European language family

Answer 31

Large group of languages. Most people speak a language from this family.

Question 32

Romance language

Answer 32

Languages that emerged from Latin.

Question 33

Isogloss

Answer 33

Boundaries between variations in pronunciation or word usage.

Question 34

Dialect

Answer 34

Regional variations of a language. Variations in accent, grammar, usage, and spelling.

Question 35

Adage

Answer 35

Sayings that reflect the truth about life.

Question 36

Lingua franca

Answer 36

Common language used by people who don't share a native language.

Question 37

Slang

Answer 37

Word or phrase informal usage by a fraction of the population.

Question 38

Pidgin language

Answer 38

Simplified mixture of two languages with few grammatical rules and small vocabulary. Developed by extensive contact of people speaking different languages.

Question 39

Creole language

Answer 39

Combination of two or more languages creating a language with formal structure and vocabulary.

Question 40

Swahili

Answer 40

Language created by mixing Arab and Bantu.

Question 41

Official language

Answer 41

Language designated by law to be the language of a government.

Question 42

Homogeneous

Answer 42

Countries made up of largely ethnically similar people.

Question 43

Ethnicity

Answer 43

Membership in a group of people who share ancestry, language, customs, histore, and common experiences.

Question 44

Nationality

Answer 44

Describes people's connection to a specific country, ethnicity, and cultural traits.

Question 45

Fundamentalism

Answer 45

Attempt to follow a literal interpretation of a religious faith.

Question 46

Sharia

Answer 46

The Islamic legal framework for a country.

Question 47

Theocracies

Answer 47

Countries ran by religious leaders and have religious laws.

Question 48

Neolocalism

Answer 48

Process of re-embracing the uniqueness and authenticity of a place.

Question 49

Polytheistic

Answer 49

Religion worshipping many gods.

Question 50

Monotheistic

Answer 50

Religion worshipping one god.

Question 51

Karma

Answer 51

Idea that behaviors have consequences in the present or future life.

Question 52

Caste system

Answer 52

Rigid class structure.

Question 53

Ethnic religion

Answer 53

Belief traditions that show strong cultural characteristics among their followers.

Question 54

Diaspora

Answer 54

Global migration of Jewish people beyond Isreal.

Question 55

Universal religion

Answer 55

A religion that is in universal scope, which is available to everyone to convert to.

Question 56

Pilgrimage

Answer 56

Religious journey to a sacred place to their religion.

Question 57

Animism

Answer 57

Belief that non-living objects have a spirit.

Question 58

Charter group

Answer 58

First group to establish cultural and religious customs in a place.

Question 59

Ethnic island

Answer 59

Ethnic concentrations in rural areas.

Question 60

Sequent occupance

Answer 60

Process of ethnic groups moving in and out of neighborhoods and leaving or creating their print of their culture.