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GI/Endo/Repro > EOB > Flashcards

EOB Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

Cimetidine

-dine

A

H2 receptor antagonist

Decrease parietal cell H+ secretion

Use for peptic ulcer, gastritis, mild esophageal reflux

CYP450 inhibitor, anti androgenic, cross to brain and placenta, decrease creatinine secretion

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2
Q

Omeprazole

-prazole

A

Proton pump inhibitors

Inhibit H/K ATPase

C. Diff risk, pneumonia, decrease Mg long term

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3
Q

Bismuth/sucralfate

A

Bind ulcer base providing physical protection

Allowing HCO3- secretion

Ulcers, travelers diarrhea

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4
Q

Misoprostol

A

PGE1 analog

Increase mucus secretion, decrease acid production

Block NSAID peptic ulcer

Diarrhea. BAD FOR PREGNANCY

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5
Q

Ocreotide

A

Somatostatin analog

Inhibit vasoconstrictive hormones, decrease acid secretion

Nausea, cramps, acromegaly (inhibit GH)

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6
Q

Aluminum hydroxide

A

Antacid - hypoK

Constipation + low phosphate

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7
Q

Calcium carbonate

A

Antacid - hypoK

Hypercalcemia

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8
Q

Magnesium hydroxide

A

Antacid - hypoK

Diarrhea, hypotension, cardiac arrest

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9
Q

Osmotic laxatives

A

Lactulose, MgOH

Draw water into lumen

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10
Q

Sulfasalazine

A

Sulfapyridine + 5ASA

Ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s

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11
Q

Ondansetron

A

5HT3 antagonist, decrease vagal stimulation

Central antiemetic

Control vomiting in cancer chemo patients

QT PROLONGATION

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12
Q

Metoclopramide

A

1st line prokinetic, D2 receptor antagonist

Increase resting tone, contractility, LES tone

Tardive dyskinesia, fatigue depression

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13
Q

Orlistat

A

Inhibit gastric/pancreatic lipase

Less breakdown of fats

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14
Q

Rapid actin insulin

A

Aspart, Glulisine, Lispro

Bind insulin receptor

Glycogen storage, glucose uptake, TG formation

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15
Q

Intermediate insulin

A

NPH

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16
Q

Long acting insulin

A

Glargine, Detemir

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17
Q

Metformin

A

Increase AMPK activity

Glu uptake, decrease gluconeogenesis, increase glycolysis

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18
Q

Sulfonylureas

A

Close beta cell K channel –> depolarize –> Ca channel open and Ca influx –> Insulin release

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19
Q

Pioglitazone

Study These Flashcards
A

Increase insulin sensitivity via PPAR

20
Q

GLP 1 analog

Study These Flashcards
A

Increase insulin, decrease glucagon

21
Q

DPP4 inhibitor

Study These Flashcards
A

Prevent degradation of incretins (GLP1/GIP)

22
Q

Leuprolide

Study These Flashcards
A

GnRH agonist –> Block of HPG axis

Prostate cancer, precocious puberty,

23
Q

Estrogens, Ethinyl

Study These Flashcards
A

Bind estrogen receptors

Use in hypogonadism, ovarian failure, abnormal menstruation, PM treatment

Risk endometrial cancer

BAD FOR ER+ BREAST CANCER, DUH

24
Q

Clomiphene

Study These Flashcards
A

Partial agonist estrogen receptor = antagonist

Induce HPG axis activation and estrogen relsease to induce ovulation

Infertility treatment

Risk of multiple births

25
Tamoxifen
E antagonist in breast (good for breast cancer treatment), agonist at bone
26
Raloxifine
Antagonist at breast, uterus Agonist at bone
27
Anastrozole/exemestane
Aromatase blocker for PM women with ER+ breast cancer
28
Progestins
Bind Progestin receptors Prevent growth, increase vascularization of endometrium Contraceptive, endometrial cancer
29
Mifipristone
Progesterone receptor antagonist Termination of pregnancy
30
Finasteride
5a reductase inhibitor Prevent DHT synthesis Treat BPH
31
Flutamide
Competitive inhibitor of androgen receptors Prostate cancer
32
Ketoconazole
Inhibit steroid synthesis 17/20 desmo inhibitor
33
Tamsulosin
Selective alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist used for BPH Selectively targets bladder smooth muscle
34
Sildenafil/vardenafil/tadalafil
5PDE inhibitors Prevent cGMP --> GTP conversion Erectile dysfunction
35
Bugs causing bloody diarrhea
Campylobacter Salmonella Shigella EHEC Yersinia C Diff Entamoeba histolytica
36
Bugs causing watery diarrhea
ETEC Cholera C perfringes Noro/rota/adenovirus
37
C diff
Common after antibiotic use Toxin A (bind brush border) and B (cytotoxin) Metronidazole, vancomycin
38
Neisseria gonorrhea
G- diplococci Antigenic variation PID Ceftriaxone+azithromycin
39
EHEC
Shiga toxin producing EColi Dysentery Can cause HUS - endothelial damage
40
Campylobacter
Bloody diarrhea commonly in children Infected animals Comma/S shaped Guillain Barre syndrome
41
Shigella
Shiga toxin Bloody diarrhea
42
Yersinia
Pet feces Diarrhea, pseudoappendicitis
43
Entamoeba histolytica
Bloody diarrhea and liver abscess, RUQ pain Cysts in water Metronidazole
44
Giardia
Farting, foul smelling fatty diarrhea Cysts in water Tear drop shape Metronidazole
45
MEN 1
Pancreas Pituitary Parathyroid
46
MEN2A
Pheochromocytoma Parathyroid
47
MEN2B
Pheochromocytoma Medullary thyroid carcinoma

GI/Endo/Repro (8 decks)

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