EoY CS Yr 7

Question 1

What is an algorithm?

Answer 1

A sequence of instructions or a set of ules that are followed to complete a task or solve a problem

Question 2

What is the difference between telling a person vs computer what to do?

Answer 2

Computers need exact instructions and cannot judge for themselves . They also need to be given instructions by code.

Question 3

What is programming/coding?

Answer 3

It is making a list of instructions for a computer

Question 4

Sequence defintion

Answer 4

A series of instructions executed one after another in order

Question 5

Iterations/Loops

Answer 5

Repeating a block of code multiple times until a condition is met

Question 6

Selection/if-else statements

Answer 6

Making decisions in code by executing different blocks based in conditions

Question 7

Variables

Answer 7

Named containers that store data (liek numbers, text, etc.) which can change during program execution

Question 8

Why do modern computers all use binary?

Answer 8

It’s the simplest and most reliable way to represent data electronically:
- In computers ther are 2 stable states so can easily be ON (1) or OFF (0)
- noise resistance; it’s harder for elctrical signals to get confused between 2 clear states vs. Multiple levels
- simpler logic; binary works perfectly with Boolean algebra, making computations efficient

Question 9

What does it mean to digitise information?

Answer 9

Converting real-world data (like text, sounds, or images) into binary numbers (0 + 1) so computers can store, process and transmit it

Question 10

Converting units of storage:
Bits to nibbles
Bits to bytes
Bytes to kilobytes
Kilobytes to megabytes
Megabytes to gigabytes
Gigabytes to terabytes

Answer 10

4 bits to 1 byte
8 bits to 1 byte
All else are 1000 to 1

Question 11

Storage capacity of:
Ipad
Iphone

Answer 11

64 GB
128 GB

Question 12

Size:
Word doc, pic, mp3 song, DVD film, Blu-ray film

Answer 12

50-350KB, 10MB, 3-6MB, 5GB, 15-30GB

Question 13

What is the cloud?

Answer 13

A network of servers that you access through the internet

Question 14

Main function of motherboard

Answer 14

central hub that connects and allows communication between all critical components of a computer, making them work together

Question 15

Main function of CPU (Central Processing Unit)

Answer 15

brain of the computer, executing instructions and performing calculations that make all software and hardware work. works a lot with RAM

Question 16

Main function of Heat Sink

Answer 16

help keep the processor (CPU) cool otherwise it may burn

Question 17

Main function of RAM (Random Access Memory)

Answer 17

main memory of computer. is volatile as if computer is switched off, all memory is erased, as it needs power to work. works a lot with CPU

Question 18

Main function of hard disk drive

Answer 18

used to save bits permanently for Second Memory/Storage

Question 19

Main function of CD/DVD/Blu-ray Drive

Answer 19

These are called Optical discs. we do not use these as much these days as we have more efficient and portable devices that have the same function

Question 20

Main function of USB connector

Answer 20

Connect input or output devices to the computer

Question 21

Diff. between input and output devices

Answer 21

input- receives information from the physical world (e.g. sound button, apple pencil, touch id, controller)
output- gives out information (e.g. playing music, screens)

Question 22

Amount of bits in a nibble

Answer 22

4

Question 23

Secondary storage

Answer 23

Data is stored here here permanently, even when the computer is off