Epi Test 2 Flashcards
Relative Risk
Indicates strength of probability applied to cohort studies
Two options of calculating risk
Ratio and difference
RR=1
Risk of disease among exposed is the same as the risk of disease among non exposed
RR<1
Means the exposure has a protective effect and the exposed group is less at risk than the non exposed group
RR>2
Means risk is more than twice as high
Ods Ratio
Measure of association between frequency of exposure
OR=1
No association
OR>1
Positive association between exposure and outcome
OR<1
Exposure is a protective factor
Case control
Start with outcome, end with exposure
Cohort
Start with exposure, end with outcome and follows people
RD/AR
Excess risk in exposed group, expressed per 1,000
PAR
Difference between the incidence rate of disease in total population and the incidence in non exposed segment
Necessary cause
Required
Sufficient
Enough
Differential
Problem with data overall
Non-differential
Misclassification differs in groups
Casual
One thing causes another directly
Non Casual
Does not cause directly
Temporal
Exposure before disease
Strength of Association
RR or OR
Dose
As does increases, disease increases
Replication
Same findings, different studies
Cessation
As exposure decreases, disease increases
