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Epi topic minis Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. Parvoviral foetopathy of swine (SMEDI)

W

A

PORCINE PARVOVIRUS 1 - PROTOPARVOVIRUS
(Stillbirth, Mummification, Embryonic death & Infertility)

Po → Lymphoid tissue around throat & SI → viraemia → cross placenta to fetus

CS: Embryo & fetus:
Until d.30: death, resorption
d.30-70: death of fetus, mummification - calcification (on d35 - not able to resorp)
From 70d: Weak & mummified feetus, myoclonia congenita

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2
Q
  1. Canine enteritis caused by parvoviruses. Feline panleukopaenia. Parvovirus diseases of mink

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Po → Repl: lymphoid tissues around throat (+GALT) → viraemia → rapidly cell dividing organs: LYMPHOID CELLS (bm, spleen, thymus & ln), CRYPT CELLS OF SI, MYOCARDIAL CELLS (young), (+Cat: blood prod. organs => anaemia, bm=> neutropenia, ln=> lymphopenia)

CANINE ENTERITIS: CPV2 - Car. protoparvovir.1
3-8 wks: Sudden death, myocardial damage
Above 8wks: Vomit, stinky greyish or hemorrh. diarhea

FELINE PANLEUKOPAENIA: - Car.protoparvovir.1
Gen. cs, Acute enteritis (vomit, diarrhea, exsiccosis)
Cerebellar hypoplasia from intrauterin/perinatal inf

MINK ENTERITIS V.: Car.protoparvovirus 1 (sim. to cat/dog)
High mort. fever, diarrhea (bloody), acute enteritis

ALEUTIAN MINK DISEASE: Car.amdoparvovir.1
Plasmacytosis! Bloody faeces, NS signs, Bleed from orifices
Older: hypergammaglobulinaemia & glomerulonephritis

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3
Q
  1. Derzsy’s disease of geese, parvoviral disease of ducks.

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A

Po→SI epithelia→Viremia→Parenchymal organs (Liver & ♡ muscle)

DERZSY: Dependoparvo v. Goose & muscovy duck
- Susc. goslings: Death w/in 2d! Cold sympt., diarrhea, convulsions (liver damage), ascites & swollen eyelid
- Part. protected goslings: End of 2nd week! ↓ develop., feather grow problems & ascites
=> Tiger striped & ball shaped ♡ + hemorrhages

DUCK PARVOVIRUS: similar ↑
Barbari duck & muscovy duck
1 week old: lethargy, diarrhoea, leg weakness, NS
Chronic: ↓ dev + feather prob

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4
Q
  1. Circoviral disease of swine (PMWS, PDNS)

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Oronasal→ Macrophage, APC & epithel → vir.→ spread w/ monocyte

POSTWEANING MULTISYSTEMIC WASTING SYNDROME:
1.5-4m old: Jaundice, rough hair, cough & diarrhea
Pm: ↑ln & hemorrhages, flaccid myocardium & ascites

PORCINE DERMATITIS NEPHROPATIA SYNDROME:
Type III hypersens. reaction From 1.5 m old
Multifocal red round skin lesion, hemorrhages & oedema
Pm: ↑ brown greyish kidney + necrosis under capsule, skin infarcts

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5
Q
  1. Avian diseases caused by circoviruses, chicken infectious anaemia

G

A

PSITTACINE BEAK & FEATHER DISEASE VIRUS:
< 3 years: Parrots In div. cells in feather foll, beak & claw
Acute: resp, vomit & diarrhea → die w/in wks (by sec. inf)
Chronic: Feather loss, feather & beak deformities

PIGEON CIRCOVIRUS: 1-12m old. Lethargy, anorexia, beak/feather/claw deformities

GOOSE CIRCOVIRUS: from 1 wk old
Retarded growth, ↓prod & feather formation, ↑ mort

CHICKEN INFECTIOUS ANAEMIA: Anelloviridae, Gyrovirus g
Po → Intestine → viraemia → BM, thymus, bursa ++
Clin: <1m old: ANEMIA-DERMATITIS SYNDROME (hemorr, liver necrosis)
Subclin: >3wks: ↓ performance/productivity

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6
Q
  1. Papillomatoses

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Non-enveloped, need keratin, oncogen
Enter via trauma/erosion→ Stratum basale (prim. inf, expression, maintenance) → S. spinosum (DNA amplification)→S. granulosum (assembly & capsid prod.) → S. corneum (release of virus)

Cauliflower nodules, grey and painless
Ru: eyes, horn, abdomen Car: mouth & gen
Eq: mouth, neck, head
Horse sarcoid: BPav1 & 2 from fibroblast, aggressive!
head, abdomen, hoof to feet line

Spontanous heal w/in 6m

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7
Q
  1. Haemorrhagic nephritis and enteritis of geese caused by
    polyomaviruses.

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A

Non-enveloped DsDna Oncogene

→Oronasal→ repl: lymphoid tissues around throat → viraemia → repl: b-cells, blood endothel, bursa, kidney & intestine

3-10wk old: Cs few hours bf. death!! Shake head/neck, diarrhea & coma (chronic: uric acid crystals)

Pm: odema & hemorrhages, hemorr. nephritis & necrotizing hemor enteritis.

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8
Q
  1. Pneumoenteritis of ruminants caused by adenoviruses

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A

Mastadeno & Atadeno

PNEUMOENTERITIS IN CALVES:
1-4 m/old→ Oronasal → Repl: tonsils → viraemia → respiratory + enteric mucosal epithelia => Bronchiolitis, enteritis, gen. signs, nasal discharge, cough

-
PNEUMOENTERITIS IN LAMBS:
Intensively raised lambs from young ewes (3-4wk old)
Resp signs + rams= urolithiasis

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9
Q
  1. Canine infectious hepatitis and infectious laryngotracheitis (caused by adenoviruses)

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CANINE INFECTIOUS HEPATITIS:
Canine mastadenovirus (Cadv-1) “Rubarth disease”
Po/conjunctiva → tonsils, peyers patches to ln. →Viraemia →
liver (hepatitis), brain (encephalitis), kidney (long carriage!
glomeruloneprhitis) & eyes (uveitis)
Peracute: death w/in 2 days Acute: fever
Extended: odema, convulsions, uveitis
=> jaundice, bloody diarhea, gum bleed

CANINE INFECTIOUS LARYNGOTRACHEITIS: CAdv-2
Young, cs rarely alone! Coinf => kennel cough!
→ airborne → x: upper resp. tract mucosa => Rhinitis, laryngitis, tracheo-bronchitis, bronchiolitis => nasal d, cough

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10
Q
  1. Adenoviral diseases in poultry

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→Aviadenovirus genus po/germ→vir→gut/liver/kidney/trachea
CHICKEN INCLUSION BODY HEPATITIS:
FAdv-1,7,8 Anemia & diarrhea, enlarged pale liver
HEPATITIS- HYDROPERICARDIUM SYNDROME-GOOSE:
Sitting, weak, hepatitis & focal necrosis

→ Siadenovirus genus
TURKEY HEMORRH. ENTERITIS: I.s, hemorr, anemia, bloody faec.
MARBLE SPLEEN DISEASE: Pheasant, enlarged mottled spleen
SPLENOMEGALY: broiler, enlarged lver and spleen

→Atadenovirus genus
EGG DROP SYNDROME: Duck atadenovirus 1
Fragile deformed and soft eggshell

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11
Q
  1. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR/IP)

RED

A

BHV 1 & 5, alphaherpes, varicello g

RESP. FORM:
Aerogen→Resp mucosa→vir→encephalitis(<5m), abortion, lung (1-6m resp cs) (+ asc inf from nose in calf encephalitis)
=> Gen. cs, ulceration & red upper airway, watery→purulent nasal d, cough, conjunctivitis

GENITAL FORM: venereal → IPV & IPB
Infectious pustular Vulvovaginitis: oedema(vulv/vag) → pustules → yellowish white membrane

Infectious pustular balanoposthitis: Swollen prepose + mucopurulent discharge

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12
Q
  1. Bovine herpesmammillitis, inclusion body rhinitis of swine.

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BOVINE HERPESMAMMILLITIS:
BHV-2 alpha - simplexvirus (catttle + buffalo)
intro w/. inf. animal→ spread via milking/mech. vector →inf via skin damage (=> calf drink → pustules: lip & oral mm)

Thickened edematous plaques → vesicles → rupture to ulcer →scab - Painful → milk refusal

SWINE INCLUSION BODY RHINITIS:
Suid herpesvirus 2 - unassigned - beta subf
Contact/airborne → viraemia → lymphocytes, alveolar macrophages
<3wks: fever, sneeze, serous/bloody nasal d
Preg sow: inf fetus → wasting piglet

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13
Q
  1. Malignant catarrhal fever

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Ovine herpesvirus 2 & Alcelaphine h.v 1 Gamma - macavirus Cattle mostly WILDEBEEST (Africa) or SHEEP (outside af) associated - carriers w/ direct inf to cattle airborne → vir

PERACUTE: Hemorhagic enteritis, tremor, convulsions, death
=> enlarged liver & kidney, urine bladder wall odema

SUBACUTE: Rumen paralysis, agalctia, purulent conjunct., nasal d, meningitis & encephalitis => convulsions & death

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14
Q
  1. Aujeszky’s disease in swine and other animals.

RED

A

Suid herpesvirus1 - alpha varicello v. Swine=N.H & reservoir Many mammals susceptible (lethal encephalitis - dead end h)

Oronasal → x: nasal/phar. mucosa & tonsils → vir → x: lung + other visc. organs => fever & resp. signs

NEWBORN PIGLET: death w/in 2d, meningoencephalitis (tremor & paralysis)

GILTS: sneeze, nasal discharge, lung oedema + trembling face

ADULTS: Dyspnea, cough, abortion

RU: muscle tremors (neck/back), itch, dyspnea & pharyngeal paralysis => death lethal encephalitis

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15
Q
  1. Diseases of horses caused by EHV-1 and EHV-4 viruses

RED

A

EHV1 (resp, abort & CNS) + EHV4 (resp + abortion)
Alpha varicellovirus

EHV-1: Eq rhinopneumonitis & epizootic abortion eq= reservoir
→Contact/oronasal →x: nasal mucosa → vir → fetus/brain, s.c

RHINOPNEUMONITIS: fever, serous nasal d, cough

ABORTION: after 5m preg: weak, die w/in 1 wk ABORT. STORMS

CNS: w/resp! Paresis, paralysis, ataxia, lame (tail +anus paralysis)

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16
Q
  1. Diseases caused by EHV-2, EHV-3 and EHV-5 viruses in horses.

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EHV 2 & 5: gamma percavirus
→ Few week old foal: fever, mild serous nasal d, cough
EHV5: sus role ini horse multinodulary pulm. fibrosis

EHV 3: alpha varicellovirus
→ Venereal/iatrog/foal from teat→x: genital mucosa→ nodules & pustules on epithel of vag/penis/lip foal → erosions & scabs

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17
Q
  1. Canine herpesviral disease

G

A

CaHV-1 - alpha varicello
up to 3wk: yellowish faeces, crying, necrotising vasculitis, hemorrhages (convulsions, coma & death in very young)

Young/adult: asymp! rarely resp cs, abortion

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18
Q
  1. Feline infectious rhinotracheitis.

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A

Felid herpesvirus1- alpha varicello
young/old winter

→ Contact/airborne→ X: resp. mucosa (necr & infl) → vir →latency in phar. lymphatic tissue & trigem. ggl

> 6m: sneeze, nasal d, cough, conjunctivitis →serous than mucopurulent → stuck bleary eyelids & blocked nasal orifice
+abortion

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19
Q
  1. Infectious laryngotracheitis of chicken.

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A

Alphaherpesvirinae- Ilto virus Chicken (grower & adult) + others

→ Airborne → upper airways & conjunctiva → X: upper airway epithel & endothel damage → odema & hemorrhage

MILD FORM: Low vir.strain: Conjunct, swollen sinus, nasal d, sneeze

SEVERE/TYPICAL: Dyspnoea, cheesy plugs- obturation (hemor+fibrin precip. in trachea), bloody exudate, eyelid oedema, conjunctivitis & ulceration, necrotizing tracheitis

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20
Q
  1. Marek’s disease.

RED

A

Gallidherpesvirus 2! & 3 Alpha-mardivirus
Spread directtly cell → cell - ø free virions! ø germ
High res, indir + dir most susc: 1-2 wks

→ Aerogen → Resp. tract → Macrophages → cell associated viraemia → Lymphoid tissues (thymus,bursa,spleen), Feather follicles (only place of free virion & shed! skin leukosis & tumors), Peripheral nerves (lymphoinfiltr. & prolif) + small focal tumors in other organs

CLASSICAL NEUROLOGICAL FORM: mild vir: sporadic, long lasting. Weakness, ataxia, 1 sided paralysis (legs & wings), enlarged nerves (appear greyish yellow)

TRANSIENT PARALYSIS: Higher vir. Sporadic recov, can lead to visc form

ACUTE, LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE: (visceral type): may give cns sympt = paralysis. Visceral tumors(nodules): ovaries, testicles, spleen, liveer, kidney, heart. Anorexia, anemia, nodules in skin, depressed & decr. appetite

PERACUTE/ANEMIA: rare

MATSA (marek associated tumor surface atg)
ø treat., good vax

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21
Q
  1. Duck plague, herpesviral disease of pigeons.

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A

“Duck viral enteritis” Anatidae herpesvirus-1. Gammaherpes Unassigned

→ Po (dom. ducks inf from wild ducks cont. lake water) → X: GI → Vir → endothel damage of B.V

ADULTS: more severe, can die in good condition! Bloody/watery diarrhea, conjunctivitis, eyelid odema
DUCKLINGS: blue beak, bloody vents
PM: Hemorrhages, yellowish crustaceous plaques → diptheric pseudomembranes
ø treat

PIGEON HERPES: Columbi herpes virus 1 - alpha mardi
airborne inf → enlargede liver, pancreas, SI (watery red content)
2-6 m old: acute serous conjunct, fat/herpes eye, diphteric yellow plaques in beak, orophary. x etc die w/in. 4d

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22
Q
  1. Bovine diseases caused by poxviruses.

RED

A

Linear dsDNA, usually good res Ortho&parapox = zoon
→ Aerogen, contact, arthropod → X: skin & mucosal surfaces → Stadium Erythematosum (reddening) → St. Papulosum (prolif + greyish papule) → St. Vesiculosum (necrosis & vesicle) → St. Pustulosum (purulence) → St. Crustosum (dried crust) → St. Decrustationis (crust shed) → heal w/without pockmarks

Cowpox: Orthopox virus Zoon Sim. to milkers nodules
Udder/milk/genitals → hemorrhagic lesions → red/black crust → papules → vesicles recov w/in 1 m

Pseudocowpox: Parapox genus Zoon !Milkers nodule!
Udder & teats: red papules Cattle & hu
small vesicles or pustules beore scabs

Bovine papular stomatitis: Parapox genus Zoon
>2 yrs old, spring & summer Erythema → prolif. pocks (nostril, mouth, muzzle,lips) → erosions

Lumpy skin: Capripox genus NOTIFIABLE ø hu
Cattle, buff. & wild ru NODULES ALL OVER (can enter embryo)

Athropod (mosq, fly+) → local skin lesions (often generalized) → skin & mm: pocks → ulcer → necrosis →scab (pockmarks)
+ Fever, odema, nasal d

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23
Q
  1. Contagious pustular dermatitis of sheep and goat. Swine pox.

W

A

CONTAGIOUS PUSTULAR DERMATITIS:
“orf” Parapox - zoon (occupational) Sheep! & goat
Strong crustations→ mouth & limbs + teat (pain + lame)
→ Papules → vesicular → pustular → encrusting

SWINE POX: Suipox virus genus Only pigs
Vectors & direct → red spots(ear, belly, thigh) w/ pocks in. centre → crusts

Preg. sow: abortion or piglet w/cs

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24
Q
  1. Sheep and goat pox.

RED

A

Goat & sheep pox virus - capripox
Eu free! very res, generalized

Aerogenic → X: resp epithel → vir → organs & tissues: mm (resp tract & GI), lungs & other organs (lymphoma like nodules), skin (nodule) Can cross to fetus

Flue like, pox everywhere, necrosis of dermis, hard scab→ shed, mucopurulent nasal d, permanent star shaped scars

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29. Myxomatosis ## Footnote W
Myxomavirus - Leporipox genus OIE Attenuated or wild virulent strains Cottontail rabbit (maintains, mild/asympt), Wild/dom rabbitt (severe & death), Hare (susc but mild) Insects/mosq (hide in green feed)/direct contact→ X: skin → degen. of epithel. → vesicles →covering skin necrosis → viraemia →damage b.v → infiltrate corium, tumor like myxoma (moist nodules in skin) TYPICAL/CLASSICAL/NODULAR: 100% mort within 7d. Skin erythema, moist nodules w/necrosis & ulceratioon = lionhead & genitals (ears, eyelid, nose, mouth) ATYPICAL/AMYXOMATOUS: Conjunc, nasal d, sneeze, +/- nodule
26
30. Fowl pox ## Footnote W
Avian poxviruses, Avipox genus Turkey, pheasant, pigeon, fowl - all ages via recovered & carriers/ bloodsucking arthropods & fomites → HETEROLOGOUS STRAINS: only prim. repl → HOMOLOGOUS STRAINS: oronasal/skin lesions → prim. asymp repl → vir→ organs/mucosa/skin (if survive sec. repl in skin) DRY CUTANEOUS FORM: Local lesions on featherless areas (mixed form: pocks) DIPHTERIC WET FORM: Malignant mucous membranes. resp tract, oral cav: nodules covered with fibrin → annorexia & wasting + coryza, conjunctivitis (death or recov) ACUTE HEMMORHAGIC FORM: canary pox! rapid death w/ cs
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31. African swine fever ## Footnote RED
Asfarviridae, astivirus genus arbovirus NOTIFIABLE enveloped, linear dsDNA, very res, swine/wild boar/afric. pig PO (shed nasal d. & saliva)+ (tick) →X: Tonsils & ln →Vir → Spleen, In, BM, BV endothel →X: Monocyte,macrophage, endothel & hepatocytes HIGHLY VIRULENT: Peracute/acute: Depression & sudden death w/o NS, hyperemia, hemorrhages, ↑ black In & pulmonary oedema MODERATELY VIRULENT: subacute: Prolonged fever, skin lesions,↑ spleen, abortion, high mortality in sows MILD VIRULENT: Chronic: multifocal skin lesions, swelling (tarsal + carpal), Immune complexes, abortion, pneumonia ø vax
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32. Teschovirus encephalomyelitis ## Footnote RED
Picornacvir, Teschovirus genus, Serotype1 - vir.var: Teschen Talfan only pig ENTERAL PHASE: PO →X: gut repl. in lymphoid tissues (ø cs, but shed in faeces) →viraemic phase (fever) NEURAL PHASE: Nose → olfactory n →2nd repl → encephalomyelitis, meningitis, neuron necrosis TESCHEN: All ages! Mild fever & anorexia !most sever! Adult: HL flaccid paralysis Piglet/grower: Vomit, atatia, convulsion, flaccid paralysis, resp.paralysis & hyperaesthesia TALFAN: Widespread! < 4 month old (bf weaning) Ataxia & HL paralysis (transient)
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33. Swine vesicular disease and vesicular exanthema of swine ## Footnote RED
SWINE VESICULAR DISEASE: Picorna, entero g, SVDV → Po →X: epitheloid cells (throat & gut) → Vir → Vesicles (mouth, snout, teat, leg) (+ rare cs: Heart & cns) VESICULAR EXANTHEMA: Calici! Vesivirus genus Euryxen & zoon Same vesicles as svd
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34. Avian encephalomyelitis ## Footnote W
AEU, Tremovirus genus, picorna High res, high lethality Chicken & pheasant+ all ages (cs usually <2wk-1m) →faecal shed'/germinative → PO→X: gut mucosal membr. →Vir. → parenchymal organs, ovarium & CNS (infl+necr) => depression, tremors (head, neck & ataxial), paralysis
31
35. Duck viral hepatitis disease. ## Footnote W
Duck hepatitis A virus, avihepatovirus g Genotype 1 (highly pathogenic) 2&5 (less) - high res → Po/tracheal discharge →X: gut mucosa → viraemia →X: liver, spleen & kidney => Liver dystrophy & necrosis/hemorhh => Spleen: mottled & dystrophy => Kidney: ↑ & hemorrhages PERACUTE: Sudden death (day old) ACUTE: Depr, ataxia, spasmodical paddling - hunched back & opisthotonus
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36. Encephalomyocarditis of swine and other animals. ## Footnote G
Cardiovirus genus, picorna Euryxen (swine+birds) - maintained by rodents (asymp) Mostly piglet <5w - Good res → Po/aerosol →X: tonsils → viraemia (fever) → + MYOCARDITIS => failure + FETUS=> abortion & weak + ENCEPHALOMYELITIS=> tremor, ataxia, paralysis Other species: dyspnea & sudden death
33
37. Foot and mouth disease. ## Footnote RED
FMDV, aphto g, picornaviridae NOTIFIABLE Serotype O & A (worldwide) +ssRNA-mRNA, non-enveloped Endemic: Asia, Africa, S-America, middle east Main host: cattle & buffalo (reservoirs) + sheep & swine Po/aerogen →X: Laryngeal & pharyngeal mucosa → Vir → tattered edge red base vesicles (skin: teat/feet + mucosa: mouth/nose/tongue) => Salivation, lame (hoof loss- keratin layer), ↓milk, myocarditis (young) → pale ♡ vax inact
34
38. Feline calicivirus infections. ## Footnote W
Vesivirus genus, Caliciviridae (Non-enveloped) Oronasal → pharynx → vir (1st fever) (then 2nd fever w/cs) ⇒Oral mucosa & pads: blisters & necrosis ⇒Lung: alveolitis, exud.pneum → sneeze, exudate, dyspnea ⇒Joints: Acute synovittis & thickened synovial membrane "Limping syndrome": lameness & fever, recov 1-2d Highly pathogenic- severe systemic syndrome: vasculitis, icterus, intestinal bleeding Atten + inac. vax
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39. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease, European brown hare syndrome (RHD, EBHS). ## Footnote RED
RHDV-1 (only rabbit, mort:70-90%). RHDV-2 (Rabbit & hare. Longer incub period) EBHSV (Hare) Cs from 6-8 w/old (younger subclin) -Mortality up to 100% Oronasal/conjunctiva →Viraemia, propagation in liver, vasculitis ⇒ Liver dystrophy, thromboembolia in airways & visceral organs → hemorrhages → shed feaces + excrete HYPERACUTE: depression & fever -> death w/in few hours ACUTE: Foamy &/or bloody nasal discharge, heavy breathing, cyanosis of mm, incoord., shaking, terminal opistotonus Die w/in 12-36 hrs ⇒ Hemorrhages everywhere! ø treat - has vax
36
40. Diseases of farm animals caused by hepatitis E virus. ## Footnote G
Hepeviridae, orthohepevirus genus, orthohepevirus A & C (+ssRNA, non-enveloped) Hu: poor sanitary regions, contam. water Faeces, meat, liver (repl) (hu: CNS, chronic extrahep) CHICKEN BIG LIVER & SPLEEN DISEASE: Orthohepevirus B Over 24wks→ po→X: Intestinal mucosa & lymphatic tissue → Viraemia →X: Liver & spleen ⇒ Underproduction /egg drop, anemia, premature moulting ⇒ ↑liver w/subcapsular hemorrhages & ↑spleen
37
41. Diseases caused by Astroviruses
Astroviridae f, Avastrovirus genus (+ssRNA, non-enveloped) AVIAN NEPHRITIS: Avian nephritis 1 (&2) virus - only chicken Po→X: gut epithelium(⇒enteritis) → viraemia → Kidney (⇒ nephrosis + swell, pale, urate deposits (chronic) Day old chicken: Acute: gen cs, diarrhea, kidney lesions, growth retardation (cs first 4wks of life) DUCK HEPATITIS: like duck hepatitis (picorna), just mildeer TURKEY ASTROVIRUS: diarrhea (1-5 wk old)
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42. Equine encephalomyelitis caused by togaviruses. ## Footnote RED
Togaviridae, alphavirus genus (+ssRNA, enveloped) America - NOTIFIABLE - Lifelong immunity EASTERN: Bird - mosq cycle ⇒ Horse & hu = dead end WESTERN: Bird - mosq - rodent ⇒ Horse & Hu= dead end VENEZUELAN: Rodent/eq - mosq - ro/eq (eq: maintaining) Mortality eastern>venezuelan>western Mosquito bite→ regional ln →1st viremia → visceral organs → 2nd viremia (2-5d)→ cs→ Infection of CNS PERACUTE FORM: High fever, shock, death w/in 12 hrs ACUTE, SUBACUTE FORM: Biphasic fever, Excitement then apathy. Encephalitis (visual disturbance, head convulsions & paralysis), Myelitis (lame), death CHRONIC: rare, recov but permanent damage Public health concern! preg mother abort
39
43. Equine infectious arteritis. ## Footnote W
2 genotypes, 1 serotype - Arteriviridae! Enveloped, +ssRNA, OIE! Equidae, Stallion semen long term carrier Venereal/nasal→X: Local lymphoid tissues (macrophag)→Xx: ln → viraemia→ endothel damage → edema (limbs, abd, gen., sc), hemorr+congestion, placenta abruption & fetus inf ADULT: Urticaria (head & neck) + all from pg YOUNG/OLD: fever, somnolence, nasal d ⇒ aborted fetus: infl. & thrombus form in vessels, enteritis
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44. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS). ## Footnote RED
PRRSV, Arteriviridae, enveloped - High mort in piglet Chronic persistent infection Inhalation →X: macrophages → Local activation→ viraemia Macrophages go to lymphoid organs & lungs (fetus x:day 14) FIRST PHASE: for 2 or more wks: anorexia, hyper/dyspnea, cut. hyperaemia, abortion, agalactia. Young: laboured breath, blue ears (transient pga restricted blood), red body discolor SECOND PHASE: continues 1-4m: Repro failure (smedi like), high pre-weaning mortality + boar: ↓ semen quality ⇒ edema, pneumonia ⇒ Fetus: ascites, arteritis
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45. Louping ill and tick-borne encephalitis. ## Footnote W
*Flaviviridae* **LOUPING ILL:** Sheep!, hu ++ Uk, scandi, spain+ (hu: rare) Tick → biphasic fever, convulsions, ataxia (louping ill), coma, death ⇒ Lymphocytic encephalitis, neuron necrosis **TICKBORNE ENCEPHALITIS:** Hu febrile illness (+mam. & birds) Tick/raw milk→ local repl→ viraemia→ visc. organs (CNS) 1st: fever & influenza like → 7-10d later: 2 fever & cns signs! Paralysis, restless, weak limb Full recov but permanent lesions (inact. vax)
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46. West Nile fever, disease caused by Usutu virus and other mosquito-borne flaviviral diseases. ## Footnote RED
**Flaviviridae** WEST NILE FEVER: Africa, EU, ASIA+ Bird: natural host mosq→ local repl → viraemia → neuroinvasive → inflammation(neuron cell d****egen, apoptosis, demyelinisation) Eq: Febrile, CNS signs (Weak HL, teeth grind, convulsions, incoord., ataxia, circling, partial paralysis & coma SHEEP: Teeth grind & ataxia DOG/CAT: asymp or cns GEESE: young! Seizures, ataxia, wing paralysis PM: petechial hemorrhages (pericardium, muscles) eq: inact. vax every year **USUTU:** africa & central eu: encephalitis wild birds + mosq, hu deadend **JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS:** Notifiable! Far east: hu, horse (encephalitis), swine (abortion) ++
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47. Bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) ## Footnote RED
Flavivir., pestivirus A & B (OIE) cattle, wild ru ++ Non-cytopathic, cytopathic & non-cytop to Cytop switch strains 4-24 m old cs Po/aerogen/venereal → enteric mucosa & lymphatic tissue → viraemia → visceral organs (dig.tract, lung, spleen, lymph tissue) → bood vessel damage → mucosal epithel damage (erosions) → lymph tissue damage: I.S ENTERIC & LYMHATIC: hemorrhages, erosions & immunesupr Calves: fever, diarrhea, resp disease PREGNANT: CP: fetal damage & abort NCP: infertil & im.tolerant ↳ Fetus/newborn: hydrocephalus, cerebellar hypoplasia, ataxia MUCOSAL DISEASE: High mort Hemorrhagic enteritis, fibrin pp, hemorrhages (Kidney) Erosions: oral/eye/hoves/legs (sharp edge,round ulcer), necrosis Vax. attenuated & live
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48. Border disease of sheep. ## Footnote W
Flaviviridae, Pestivirus D - Sheep (border btw england & wales) Po/aerogen/venereal→X: enteric mucosa & lymph tissue → Vir 1st half pregnancy: abortion →2 half: foetopathy (epithel & nervous tissue) Weak lambs, hair like pigmented wool (neck & back), ataxia trembling, retarded growtth (cran. development problems) High lethality (Ewe: ø cs)
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49. Classical swine fever. ## Footnote RED
Flaviviridae, pestivirus genus, pestivirus C Stenoxen: swine & boar (Relative res & very contagious) Oronasal++ → tonsils → head/neck/ln → viraemia →lymphatic issue (damage IS), BM damage (⇒DIC & hemorr), vessel damage PERACUTE: fever, death - Lymphocytic infiltration brain ACUTE/SUBACUTE: edema, skin hemorr.& necrosis, weak HL, ataxia, nystagmus, obstipation→ bloody diarrhea, haematuria, blood nasal d, boutons LI, cropous meningitis, leukoencephalitis CHRONIC: retarded growth, diarrhoea, crustae (skin), Sequestra & adhesions (ø hemorrhages & boutons) PREGNANT: 1st half: abortion, weak trembling piglets, splayleg! 2nd half: immunocompetent
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50. Transmissible gastroenteritis of swine. ## Footnote W
Alphacorona-1! OIE +ssRNA Winter US+CA Rapid spread - all ages Oronasal→ villus atrophy → ↓ lactose digestion →↑ osmotic p. & broken N/K pump →Viraemia → die of dehydr.of metabolic acidosis & hyperkal. ⇒ consequent ♡ failure Vomit, yellow watery stinky diarrhea & ↓ appetite Newborn until 10d: 100% mort! vomit & diarrhea Dehydrated piglet, dilated stomach & intestine full of indig. milk
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51. Porcine epidemic diarrhoea, encephalomyelitis of pigs caused by haemagglutinating coronaviruses ## Footnote W
PORCINE EPIDEMIC DIARRHEA: ALPHACORONA ONLY PIG! Type 1:England- fattner & grower Type 2:US: all ages Oronasal→X: epithelial cells: lungs & intestine→ villus atrophy → ↓ lactose digestion →↑ osmotic p. & broken N/K pump →Viraemia → die of dehydr.of metabolic acidosis & hyperkal. ⇒ consequent ♡ failure ⇒ profuse diarrhoea HEMAGGLUTINATING - ENCEPHALOMYELITIS (beta corona) Pig = natural host Oronasal → asymp x: gut & resp → into CNS w/peripheral Ns Few days postpartum: yellowgreen vomit, constip., hairy pigs 4-6 wks old: rare! vomit, weak & HL paralysis ONTARIO DISEASE: Shake, arch back <3wks: pharyngeal paralysis, partial paralysis limbs, cyanosis
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52. Coronaviral diarrhoea of cattle and dogs. ## Footnote G
CORONAVIRAL DIARRHEA OF CATTLE: Betacorona Oronasal→X: bronchi + intestine → Viraemia Calf & weaner: cough,dyspnea, rhinitis, tracheitis pneumonia Calf diarrhea: < 3 w : High mort! Watery (hemorrh), diarrhoea WINTER DYSENTERY: Dairy cow! watery hemorr. diarrhoea, fever & ↓milk CORONAVIRAL DIARRHEA OF CANINE: Alphacorona Po→X: SI→shorten vili ⇒vomit, watery yellow(bloody) diarrhea ↳ Pantropic coronavirus: Oronasal → lung, int.repl→ viraemia → Fever, hemorr. diarrhea, vomit, ataxia & seizures
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53. Diseases of cats caused by coronaviruses. ## Footnote W
Alphacorona Feline enteric C.V → mutation → FIP (5%) Po →X: airways & intestine - viraemia → Enteral: young -uneven litter, diarrhea, vomit, nasal d FIP - Feline infectious peritonitis All age→ fever, anorexia, lymphocytopenia, IC deposition, hypergammaglobulinaemia ↳ WET: Type III HS (Im.complex) → strong Ab respons, effusive ⇒ Large undulating belly & ↑abd. volume, thor. fluid, cloudy iris, color change, hemorrhages ↳ DRY: Type IV (cellular response) → low ab, non effusive ⇒ Shaking, CNS, multiple sclerosis RIVALTA TEST
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54. Infectious bronchitis of chicken, coronaviral enteritis of turkey. ## Footnote W
Gamma corona, coronaviridae INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS OF CHICKEN: Oronasal→X: trachea/bronchus →liver, kidney, oviduct, testicles <6wks: gasping, cough, tracheal rales, nasal d, cloudy airsacs & caseous plugs (trachea) Growing chicken: mild resp & oviduct temp. damage Layers: mild resp, misshapen soft shell CORONAVIRAL ENTERITIS OF TURKEY: "blue comb/mud fever" Po→ epithelial rep: SI, caecum & bursa fabricii ⇒ foamy watery diarrhoea, blue comb & ↓ egg prod
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55. Diseases of farm animals caused by reoviruses and rotaviruses. ## Footnote G
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56. Reoviral diseases of poultry. ## Footnote G
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57. Bluetongue. ## Footnote RED
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58. Epizootic haemorrhagic disease. ## Footnote G
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59. African horse sickness, equine encephalosis. ## Footnote RED
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60. Infectious bursal disease (Gumboro-disease). ## Footnote RED
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61. Swine influenza. ## Footnote RED
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62. Equine influenza. ## Footnote W
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63. Avian influenza ## Footnote RED
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64. Rinderpest, peste des petits ruminants. ## Footnote RED
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65. Canine distemper. ## Footnote W
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66. Diseases caused by Henipa viruses. ## Footnote W
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67. Diseases caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza-3 virus. ## Footnote W
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68. Newcastle disease. ## Footnote RED
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69. Avian metapneumovirus infections. ## Footnote W
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70. Diseases caused by Orthobunyaviruses. ## Footnote W
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71. Rift Valley fever and Nairobi sheep disease. ## Footnote RED
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72. Vesicular stomatitis, ephemeral fever. ## Footnote RED
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73. Rabies. ## Footnote RED
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74. Borna disease, avian diseases caused by bornaviruses. ## Footnote G
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75. Enzootic bovine leucosis. ## Footnote RED
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76. Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis. ## Footnote G
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77. Feline leucosis and acquired immune deficiency of cats. ## Footnote W
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78. Avian leucosis and reticuloendotheliosis. ## Footnote w
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79. Maedi-visna. ## Footnote G
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80. Caprine arthritis-encephalitis. ## Footnote G
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81. Equine infectious anaemia ## Footnote RED
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82. Infectious encephalopathies. ## Footnote RED
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83. Anthrax ## Footnote RED
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84. General characteristics of diseases caused by clostridia, grouping of the diseases. ## Footnote G
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85. Malignant oedema. ## Footnote G
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86. Blackleg. ## Footnote G
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87. Bradsot of sheep and Köves-disease of swine. ## Footnote G
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88. Infectious necrotic hepatitis, bacillary haemoglobinuria caused by Clostridium haemolyticum. | G
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89. Lamb dysentery and struck. ## Footnote G
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90. Necrotic enteritis of piglets. ## Footnote G
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91. Enterotoxaemia of sheep and goats. ## Footnote G
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92. Necrotic enteritis and ulcerative enteritis of chicken. ## Footnote W
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93. Tyzzer disease and gangrenous dermatitis of poultry. ## Footnote G
90
94. Tetanus. ## Footnote W
91
95. Botulism. ## Footnote W
92
96. Streptococcosis of swine. ## Footnote W
93
97. Strangles. ## Footnote w
94
98. Diseases of farm animals caused by staphylococci (rabbit, swine, poultry). ## Footnote G
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99. Erysipelas. ## Footnote w
96
100. Listeriosis. ## Footnote w
97
101. Diseases of farm animals caused by corynebacteria. ## Footnote g
98
102. Bovine tuberculosis. ## Footnote RED
99
103. Mycobacterium diseases of pigs. ## Footnote W
100
104. Avian tuberculosis. ## Footnote W
101
105. Paratuberculosis. ## Footnote RED
102
106. Actinomycoses, nocardioses. ## Footnote G
103
107. Diseases caused by Rhodococcus equi and dermatophilosis. ## Footnote W
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108. General characteristics of diseases caused by Escherichia coli. ## Footnote RED
105
109. Diseases of cattle caused by Escherichia coli. ## Footnote W
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110. Diseases of swine caused by Escherichia coli. ## Footnote RED
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111. Escherichia coli diseases in poultry. ## Footnote W
108
112. Salmonella diseases of swine. ## Footnote RED
109
113. Salmonellosis of cattle. ## Footnote G
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114. Salmonellosis of small ruminants and horses. ## Footnote G
111
115. Fowl typhoid. ## Footnote RED
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116. Fowl paratyphoid. Reduction of Salmonella carriage of poultry, salmonella reduction programs, and their control. ## Footnote RED
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117. Yersinioses: rodentiosis and diseases caused by Yersinia enterocolitica. ## Footnote W
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118. Necrobacillosis and panaritium of ruminants. ## Footnote W
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119. Respiratory pasteurellosis of cattle. ## Footnote W
116
120. Haemorrhagic septicaemia of cattle. ## Footnote G
117
121. Pasteurellosis of sheep and goats. ## Footnote W
118
122. Pasteurellosis of swine and rabbits. ## Footnote W
119
123. Atrophic rhinitis of swine. ## Footnote RED
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124. Fowl cholera. ## Footnote RED
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125. Anatipestifer disease and disease caused by Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale. ## Footnote W
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126. Tularaemia. ## Footnote RED
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127. Actinobacillosis of horses. ## Footnote G
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128. Actinobacillosis of ruminants. ## Footnote G
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129. Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia of swine. ## Footnote RED
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130. Porcine polyserositis (Glässer’s disease). ## Footnote G
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131. Infectious coryza of poultry. ## Footnote G
128
132. Diseases of cattle and sheep caused by Histophilus somni. ## Footnote G
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133. Contagious equine metritis (CEM). ## Footnote W
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134. Diseases caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica, avian bordetellosis, bartonelloses. ## Footnote W
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135. Infectious keratoconjuctivitis of cattle.
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136. Swine brucellosis.
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137. Bovine brucellosis, eradication, maintenance of brucella free herds. ## Footnote RED
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138. Disease of sheep caused by Brucella ovis. ## Footnote RED
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139. Brucellosis of sheep and goats caused by Brucella melitensis, canine brucellosis. ## Footnote RED
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140. Glanders and melioidosis.
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141. Diseases of ruminants caused by campylobacters. ## Footnote G
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142. Diseases of birds, dogs and cats caused by campylobacters. ## Footnote RED
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143. Proliferative enteropathy of swine. ## Footnote G
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144. Avian borreliosis. ## Footnote G
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145. Lyme borreliosis and rabbit syphilis.
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146. Swine dysentery, intestinal spirochaetosis of swine and birds. ## Footnote RED
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147. Epidemiology of leptospira infections, leptospirosis of horses and dogs. ## Footnote RED
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148. Leptospira diseases of cattle. ## Footnote W
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149. Leptospirosis of swine. ## Footnote w
146
150. Mycoplasmosis caused by Mycoplasma bovis. ## Footnote G
147
151. Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. ## Footnote RED
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152. Mycoplasma diseases of small ru ## Footnote w
149
153. Mycoplasma diseases of swine. ## Footnote RED
150
154. Chronic respiratory disease of poultry (mycoplasmosis), infectious synovitis. Mycoplasma diseases of turkey. ## Footnote RED
151
155. Diseases of pigs and sheep caused by haemotropic mycoplasmae. ## Footnote G
152
156. Diseases of cats and dogs caused by haemotropic mycoplasmae. ## Footnote G
153
157. Bovine chlamydiosis. ## Footnote W
154
158. Chlamydial diseases of sheep. ## Footnote RED
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159. Avian chlamydiosis. ## Footnote RED
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160. Q-fever. ## Footnote RED
157
161. Heartwater. ## Footnote G
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162. Canine ehrlichiosis, disease of horses and cattle caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Potomac horse fever. ## Footnote G
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163. Bovine anaplasmosis. ## Footnote G
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165. DDX: Infectious respiratory diseases of cattle ## Footnote W
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166. DDX: Infectious enteric diseases of cattle ## Footnote W
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167. DDX: Infectious abortions of cattle ## Footnote W
163
168. DDX: bovine diseases with clinical signs of the central nervous system ## Footnote w
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169. DDX: infectious respiratory diseases of swine ## Footnote W
165
170. DDX: infectious enteric diseases of swine ## Footnote w
166
171. DDX: Infectious abortions of swine ## Footnote w
167
172. DDX: porcine diseases with clinical signs of the central nervous system ## Footnote w
168
173. DDX: Infectious abortions of horses ## Footnote w
169
174. DDX: infectious respiratory diseases of horses
170
175. DDX: equine diseases with clinical signs of the central nervous system ## Footnote W
171
176. DDX: infectious respiratory diseases of sheep and goats
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177. DDX: Ovine and caprine diseases with clinical signs of the central nervous system ## Footnote W
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178. DDX: infectious abortions of sheep and goats
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179. Infectious respiratory diseases of poultry ## Footnote W
175
180. DDX: Infectious enteric diseases of poultry
176
181. DDX: poultry diseases with clinical signs of the central nervous system ## Footnote W
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182. Infectious diseases of poultry in the first 10 days of life ## Footnote W
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183. DDX: infectious respiratory and enteric diseases of dogs ## Footnote W
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184. DDX: canine infectious diseases with clinical signs of the central nervous system ## Footnote W
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185. DDX: feline infectious generalised diseases

Epi - Causative agents + topic summary (2 decks)

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