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CPH LEC - EPIDEMIOLOGY > EPIDEMIOLOGY > Flashcards

EPIDEMIOLOGY Flashcards

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1
Q

Concerned with the course of disease in an individual

patient

A

Primary Care Physician

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2
Q

is a public health scientist, who is
responsible for carrying out all useful
and effective activities needed for
successful epidemiology practice

A

Epidemiologist

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3
Q

Goals of the epidemiologist

A

To limit disease, injury, and death
in a community by intervening
to prevent or limit outbreaks or epidemics
of disease and injury

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4
Q 
study of the distribution and 
determinants of health related 
states or events in specified 
population and the application of this 
study to control health problems
A

Epidemiology

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5
Q

anything that affects the well-being of a population

A

Health-related states or events

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6
Q

• “Father of Medicine”
• Suggested the relationship between
the occurrence of disease & the
physical environment (300 B.C.)

A

Hippocrates

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7
Q

– Few advances in epidemiology – Epidemics

Plague, leprosy, smallpox, malaria, syphilis, yellow fever

A

Spiritual Era

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8
Q 
Who traced the cases 
to the docks where ships arrived from 
tropical ports (Philadelphia)
A

Dr. Benjamin Rush

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9
Q

Who discovered the yellow fever

mosquito

A

Walter Reed

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10
Q

What is the name of the causative agent of yellow fever mosquito?

A

Aedes aegypti

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11
Q

When did cholera became epidemic in London?

A

1849

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12
Q

Who solved the cholera outbreak?

A

Dr. John Snow

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13
Q

What did Dr. John Snow do?

A

Removed pump handle

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14
Q

He discovered “Germ theory of disease” and

Principle of pasteurization

A

Louis Pasteur

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15
Q

In 1883, who discovered Vibrio cholerae

& many other bacteria?

A

Robert Koch

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16
Q

3 Types of Epidemiology

A
  1. Descriptive epidemiology
  2. Analytical epidemiology
  3. Experimental epidemiolog
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17
Q

This type of epidemiology describes the distribution of health status in
terms of: age, gender, race, geography, time
etc.

A

Descriptive Epidemiology

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18
Q

What type of epidemiology studies of the determinants (causes) of
health-related states or events

A

Analytical Epidemiology

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19
Q

What type of epidemiology evaluates the effects of intervention

A

Experimental Epidemiology

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20
Q

This is kind of epidemiology is assessing health status, health
problems, health needs through
collections & surveys

A

Descriptive Epidemiology

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21
Q

Answers: why and how

A

Analytical Epidemiology

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22
Q

What type of epidemiology identifies the cause of a disease

A

Experimental Epidemiology

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23
Q 
The disease surveillance of this type of epidemiology is this: 
• what (case definition)
• who (person)
• where (place)
• when (time), and 
• how many (count)
A

Descriptive Epidemiology

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24
Q 
What field of epidemiology tests hypotheses about relationships 
between health problems & 
possible risk factors, factors that 
increase that increase the 
probability of disease
A

Analytical Epidemiology

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25
This type of epidemiology determines the effectiveness of a vaccine, therapeutic drug, or surgical procedure
Experimental Epidemiology
26
Classes of research questions
1. occurrence 2. (causal effects, etiology 3. diagnostics 4. intervention effects 5. prognosis 6. patient experiences
27
any susceptible organism invaded by | an agent
HOST
28
the element that must be | present in order for disease to occur
AGENT
29
– includes all factors – physical, biological, or social – that inhibit or promote disease transmission
ENVIRONMENT
30
Influenced by exposure, susceptibility or | response to agents
INTRINSIC FACTORS/risk factors
31
Types of immunologic experiences
Active & Passive
32
This is – prior to | infection/immunization
Active
33
This is maternal antibodies, gamma globulins
Passive
34
What are the AGENTS OF DISEASE
1. Nutritive elements 2. Chemical agents 3. Physical agents 4. Infectious agents
35
These are the Parasites, Protozoa, Bacteria, Fungi, Viruses
INFECTIOUS AGENTS
36
What kind of agents are poisons and allergens
CHEMICAL AGENTS
37
These are the Heat, Light, Ionizing Radiation
PHYSICAL AGENTS
38
About excess | and deficiencies
NUTRITIVE ELEMENTS
39
Influence existence of the agent, exposure, or | susceptibility to agent
EXTRINSIC FACTORS
40
What are environmental factors?
1. Physical 2. Socioeconomic Environment 3. Biological
41
Inanimate surroundings
PHYSICAL FACTORS
42
Occupation, urbanization and disruption
SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
43
What kind of environmental factors are living things around us?
BIOLOGICAL
44
Organize data according to the variables o
TIME PERSON PLACE
45
This variable refers both to the period of exposure to the source of infection & the period during which the illness occurred
TIME
46
Characteristics of the individual (exposed & | contacted the infection)
PERSONS
47
What are the variables below the "Persons"?
AGE & SEX AND OCCUPATION
48
Features, factors or conditions in the | environment where the disease occurred
PLACE
49
What are the different Patterns of Disease Occurrence & Distribution
1. Sporadic Diseases 2. Endemic Diseases 3. Epidemic Diseases 4. Pandemic Diseases
50
Intermittent occurrence of a few isolated & | unrelated cases in a given locality
Sporadic Diseases
51
an unexpectedly large number of cases of disease in a particular population in relatively short period of time
Epidemic Diseases
52
a disease that occur regularly in a population with the usual number of cases in a given locality
Endemic Diseases
53
Disease outbreaks in animal populations
Epizootics
54
More acute and serious problem
Epidemic Diseases
55
an outbreak of disease over a wide geographical | area such as a continent
Pandemic Diseases
56
Disease outbreaks involving both animals and | humans
Epizoodemic
57
Rabies (cases scattered throughout the country)
Sporadic Diseases
58
Schistosomiasis in Leyte & Samar, Filariasis | in Sorsogon
Endemic Diseases
59
Bird Flu
Epidemic Diseases
60
Bubonic plague, St. Louis encephalitis (but | later become epidemics)
Epizootics
61
Disease outbreaks involving both animals and | humans
Epizoodemic
62
systematic approach of obtaining, organizing & analyzing numerical facts so that conclusion may be drawn from them.
Statistics
63
systematic study of vital events such as births, | illnesses, marriages, divorce, separation & deaths.
Vital Statistics
64
What indicate the health of a community and th success or failure of health work?
Statistics of morbidity & mortality
65
Where do births and deaths are registered?
Office of the Local Civil Registrar of the municipality or city
66
What are the uses of vital statistics?
Indices (point out) of the health & illness status of a | community
67
Serves as basis for planning, implementing, monitoring | & evaluating community health programs & services
Vital statistics
68
What are the sources of standardized data?
1. Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Reports (MMWR) 2. National Health Surveys 3. Philippine Census 4. Statistical Abstract of the Philippines 5. Vital Statistics
69
Meaning of FHSIS
Field Health Services & Information | System
70
Meaning of MMWR
Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Reports
71
What are the phases/activities in epidemiology?
1. studies the distribution of disease within populations 2. makes comparisons 3. makes inferences/conclusions 4. seeks disease prevention
72
What phase/activity in epidemiology answers the qs "How much of the population is affected? Who among them are affected? When are they affected? Where does this occur?"
studies the distribution of disease within populations
73
What phase/activity in epidemiology compare the characteristics of affected and non-affected?
makes comparison
74
This phase/activity analyzes exposed and non-exposed by retrospective and prospective methods
makes inferences/conclusions
75
this phase develop insights on prevention from observations on communities
seeks disease prevention
76
This phase/activity in epidemiology can diagnose or asses the source of the problem of the population
makes inferences/conclusions
77
This is systematic approach of obtaining, organizing and analyzing numerical facts so that conclusion may be drawn from them
statistics
78
this is a systematic study of vital events such as births, illnesses, marriages, divorce, separation and deaths
vital statistics

CPH LEC - EPIDEMIOLOGY (1 decks)

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