Epidemiology

Question 1

The occurrence of a dxs in excess of what is normal for the pop at that given time is

Answer 1

Epidemic

Question 2

When a disease is ALWAYS PRESENT at a particular pop at ALL TIME it is said to be

Answer 2

Endemic

Question 3

Epidemics present in at least 2 countries in 2 different continent

Answer 3

Pandemic

Question 4

Epidemics occurring within a SHORT PERIOD of time is called

Answer 4

OUTBREAK

Question 5

Point source and continuous source are types of outbreaks T/F

Answer 5

F
Are types of common source epidemics

Question 6

Types of Epidemic

Answer 6

Common source
Propagated source

Question 7

All contact from the same source at the same time is

Answer 7

Point source

Question 8

Everyone contact the outbreak from the same source but at different time?

Answer 8

Continuous source

Question 9

DOSE OF INNOCULATED AGENT and IMMUNE SYSTEM OF THE HOST do not play a role in out breaks and evident of symptoms T/F

Answer 9

F

Question 10

__ Shows the relationship btw TIME and FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE T/F

Answer 10

Epidemic Curve
F its frequency of occurrence against time

Question 11

Draw the graph of a point source epidemic

Answer 11

_/_

Question 12

Natural end of an epidemic is by _ and _

Answer 12

Death and cure
±confering immunity to everyone infected
± adequate vaccination

Question 13

The peak of a point source epidemic curve in the frequency axis is the _

Answer 13

Mode

Question 14

The time in which 50% of the people who partook of that event comes down with the dxs is called?

Answer 14

Median time

Question 15

What is the significance of the median time

Answer 15

Signifies the incubation period

Question 16

The time lag btw the time of contact to when 50% shows symptoms is called _ or _

Question 17

A register was opened for all cases to be documented is called

Answer 17

Listing

Question 18

A good listing is not helpful in drawing the EPIDEMIC CURVE T/F

Answer 18

F

Question 19

List the components of a good listing?

Answer 19

1. Time of showing of symptoms
2. Time of presentation at the facility

Question 20

Draw the EPIDEMIC CURVE of a continuous source

Answer 20

_/\/_

Question 21

The time btw two peaks of a continuous source epidemic curve is _

Answer 21

Incubation period

Question 22

Eg of continuous source epi

Answer 22

STI

Question 23

In __ the source of the infection is not the same and spread can/cannot be predicted

Answer 23

Propagated source
Cannot

Question 24

In propagated source spread moves in a __ fashion until___

Answer 24

Geometric
All susceptible ind are infected

Question 25

The first person to bring the dxs to the pop _

Answer 25

Primary Case

Question 26

_ is used to know the infectivity of a propagated source in the pop

Answer 26

Attack rate

Question 27

Attack rate is same as incidence T/F

Answer 27

T

Question 28

Formula for attack rate

Answer 28

Number of new cases/ number of susceptible person

Question 29

The attack rate is a true measure of spread T/F

Answer 29

F

Question 30

The primary case is gotten from outside and should not be part of the numerator only but part of the denominator T/F

Answer 30

F Not part of both numerator and denominator

Question 31

Secondary attack rate is

Answer 31

Attack rate excluding the primary case from both numerator and denominator.

Question 32

Having low secondary attack rate is better than a low primary attack rate T/F

Answer 32

T

Question 33

Secondary attack rate can be used to determine source of food poisoning T/F

Answer 33

F For common source epidemics secondary attack rate is not used

Question 34

Secondary attack rate is only necessary for propagated source epidemics T/F

Answer 34

T

Question 35

Investigation of dxs outbreak is not the same as management of dxs outbreak

Answer 35

F

Question 36

Arrange the steps in the mgt of dxs outbreak in the normal order. 1. Mode of intervention 2. Verify that it is an epidemic 3. Confirm/verify the diagnosis 4. Put surveillance in place 5. Case detection 6. Document a report

Answer 36

1. Confirm weather there is an out break. 2. Verify that it is an epidemic 3. Case detection 4. Mode of intervention 5. Document a report 6. Put Surveillance in place

Question 37

Draw a spot map and epidemic graph of propagated epidemics

Answer 37

/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ / \ _/ \_

Question 38

Secondary attack is reduced by only 3 of theses 1. Immunization 2. Chemotherapy 3. Chemo prophylaxis 4. Treatment/Cure

Answer 38

All except Chemotherapy

Question 39

Case definition is used in which step of mgt of dxs outbreaks

Answer 39

Confirm/verify the diagnosis

Question 40

Suspecting clinical findings and confirming with laboratory test are steps in verifying if it is an epidemic T/F

Answer 40

F Step 1: In Confirming/Verifying the diagnosis

Question 41

Checking if the dxs is in excess of what is used to be is called?

Answer 41

Verifying if it is an epidemic

Question 42

Alert threshold for measles is 8 CONTIGUOUS CASES T/F

Answer 42

F (5)

Question 43

Spot maps and epidemic curve and case control study can be derived during step 3(case detection) T/F

Answer 43

T

Question 44

Opening a case register Getting basic information(biodata) Are components of

Answer 44

Case detection

Question 45

Odd ratio <1 predisposing >1 = protective factors T/F

Answer 45

F

Question 46

Mode of intervention may include 1. Immunization 2. Chemoprophylaxis 3. Treatment of some cases 4. Provision of information T/F

Answer 46

F Treatment of all cases

Question 47

No new cases after 1 incubation period is taken as the end of the epidemic T/F

Answer 47

F. After 2 incubation period

Question 48

The steps in the management of dxs outbreaks are in strict order T/F

Answer 48

F The steps ain't in particular order, step 3 and 4 may continue concurrently till the end

Question 49

Things to do when the epidemic is controlled(2)

Answer 49

Write a report Surveillance must be in place

Question 50

A report on an epidemic that has been controlled involve the following except: 1. What was done 2. Institutional experiences at the health facility, state and national level 3. How the controlled was achieved T/F

Answer 50

T

Question 51

Intermitent watchfulness/scrutiny over the dxs/ factors responsible for it's spread in particular is called __ T/F

Answer 51

F - continuous Surveillance

Question 52

Surveillance is achieved through Continuous data collection T/F

Answer 52

T