Epidemiology

Question 1

Incubation period of Schistosomiasis

Answer 1

14-84 days

Question 2

Vector and Reservoir of Schistosomiasis

Answer 2

Water snail
Carabao (Philippines)
Canines (S. mekongi)
Cattle, dogs, cats, rodents, goats, horses

Question 3

Three clinical stages of Schistosomiasis

Answer 3

Cercarial dermatitis (24hrs after penetrating dermis)

Acute Schistosomiasis (3-8 weeks)

Chronic Schistosomiasis (months/years)

Question 4

Caused by the formation of granulomas in the tissues surrounding the schistosome eggs

Answer 4

Chronic Schistosomiasis

Question 5

Fomite of Schistosomiasis

Answer 5

Contaminated fresh water

Question 6

Infectious form of schistosomiasis

Answer 6

Cercariae/cercaria

Question 7

Incubation period of yellow fever

Answer 7

3-6 days

Question 8

Three transmission cycles of yellow fever

Answer 8

Jungle (sylvatic) cycle - non-human primates and forest canopy mosquitoes

Intermediate (savannah) cycle - jungle-borders human and mosquitoes

Urban cycle - Aedes

Question 9

Reservoir of yellow fever

Answer 9

Non-human primates and humans

Question 10

Yellow fever is caused by an

Answer 10

Arbovirus

Question 11

Parasite that causes chagas dxs

Answer 11

Trypanosoma cruzi

Question 12

Chagas dxs is also referred to as

Answer 12

American trypanosomiasis

Question 13

Vector of chagas dxs

Answer 13

Blood-sucking Triatomine bug (Kissing bug)

Question 14

Reservoir of chagas dxs

Answer 14

Rodents, opossums, armadillos, dogs, cats

Question 15

Incubation period of chagas dxs

Answer 15

1-2 weeks to 120 days

Question 16

Caused by the bacteria Fancisella tularensis

Answer 16

Tularemia

Question 17

Vectors of tularemia

Answer 17

Ticks
Deer flies (Chrysops discalis)
Horeseflies
Mosquitoes (not a primary vector)

Question 18

Fomites of tularemia

Answer 18

Contaminated clothing
Outdoor equipment
Utensils
Water
Food
Drinks
Dressings

Question 19

Reservoir of tularemia

Answer 19

Ticks, wild rodents, lagomorphs

Question 20

Incubation period of Tularemia

Answer 20

3-5 days
1-21 days

Question 21

Vector of Zika virus

Answer 21

Aedes mosquitoes (Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus)

Question 22

Fomites of Zika virus

Answer 22

Clothing
Bedding
Medical instruments

Question 23

Reservoir of Zika virus

Answer 23

Human
Non-human primates (monkey)
Rodents

Question 24

Incubation period of Zika virus

Answer 24

3-14 days
3-7 days (most common)

Question 25

Vectors of Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis

Answer 25

Haemophilus influenzae Streptococcus pneumoniae Moraxella catarrhalis Moraxella lacunata Chlamydia trachomatis Staphylococcus aureus Neisseria gonorrhea Neisseria meningitides

Question 26

Fomites of Acute bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 26

Pillows Towels Eyeglasses Other personal items that have contact with the infected eye

Question 27

Reservoir of acute bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 27

Contaminated objects or surfaces Infected individuals

Question 28

Incubation period of acute bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 28

2 days to 2-3 weeks 24-72 hours

Question 29

Fomites of rift valley fever

Answer 29

Blood Body fluids Tissues of infected animals Unpasteurized or uncooked milk

Question 30

Vector of rift valley fever

Answer 30

Mosquitoes (aedes and culex) Blood feeding flies

Question 31

Reservoir of rift valley fever

Answer 31

Domesticated animals

Question 32

Fomites of ebola virus

Answer 32

Blood stained gloves Bloody intravenous sites Infected wards Solid surfaces Liquids

Question 33

Vector of ebola virus

Answer 33

Fruit bats

Question 34

Zoonosis of ebola virus

Answer 34

Non-human primates

Question 35

Fomites of cholera

Answer 35

Contaminated water and food Contaminated utensils Personal hygiene items

Question 36

Reservoir of cholera

Answer 36

Algal blooms (plankton) Humans