epidemiology

Question 1

epidemiology

Answer 1

the study of the distribution of disease in a population

Question 2

prevelance

Answer 2

total no. of individuals with the disease at a particular time period
prevelance rate = no. new cases in pop during time period / total no. of persons in pop at same time period x 1000

Question 3

incidence

Answer 3

no. of new cases in a particular time period
Incidence rate = No. new cases in pop during specific time / no. of persons at risk of developing disease in same pop and time x 1000

Question 4

endemic

Answer 4

disease with a long history in the populaton with little change in prevelance or incidence over time.

Question 5

epidemic

Answer 5

disease that dramatically increases in prevelance in a short period of time. often have a cycle with a rapid increase in incidence followed by a decrease in incidence. can be infectious and noninfectious.

Question 6

pandemic

Answer 6

a global epidemic. HIV is considered a pandemic, and diabetes is quickly becoming one.

Question 7

morbidity

Answer 7

occurance of illness or diseases. Quantified by incidence and prevelance rates.

Question 8

mortality

Answer 8

refers to death

Question 9

proportionate mortality

Answer 9

deaths in pop (by disease) / all deaths x100

proportions of death by specific disease

Question 10

rates

Answer 10

tell us how fast disease is occuring in a pop, considering time period. e.g. infant mortality and case fatality rates.

Question 11

demographic component method

Answer 11

perdictions about future pop structures using census

Question 12

fertility

Answer 12

actual no.of live births an individual produces.

Question 13

general fertility rate

Answer 13

no. of live births in any given year per 1000 women (15-44/49)

Question 14

fercundity

Answer 14

physiological capacity to produce livebirths

Question 15

total fertility rate

Answer 15

average no. of kids a woman has during her lifetime if her rate was the same as that which prevailed in each age categoryin the year in question.

Question 16

infant mortality

Answer 16

indicator of current living conditions. World wide standard, can be used over time
= total no. of deaths under 1 year/tot no. of live births that year x 100/1000
primary measure of demographic well being

Question 17

still births

Answer 17

no. of stillbirths/total no. of births in pop x radix

Question 18

Death rates (crude mortality rate)

Answer 18

crude mortality rate = deaths in pop / pop at risk during same time period x 1000
cause specific rate = no. deaths from specific disease in one year / no. of persons at midyear x 1000

Question 19

case fatality rate

Answer 19

% of people diagnosed as having a certain disease that die within a certain time after diagnosis.
= no. people dying during specified period of time after disease onset / no. individuals with specified disease x 100