Epidermis-Skin

Question 1

what are the 2 parts of the integumentary system

Answer 1

epidermis

dermis

Question 2

superficial portion

composed of connective tissue

Answer 2

epidermis

Question 3

deep layer composed of connective tissue

Answer 3

dermis

Question 4

deep layer to dermis and not part of skin

Answer 4

subcutaneous

Question 5

what are the four types of epidermis cells

Answer 5

keratinocytes
melanocytes
langerhans
merkel

Question 6

keratinocytes produce what protein?

Answer 6

keratin

Question 7

melanocytes produce what pigment?

Answer 7

melanin

Question 8

langerhans cells participate in?

Answer 8

immune responses

Question 9

merkel cells function in?

Answer 9

sensation of touch and pressure

Question 10

how many layers of the epidermis are there?

Answer 10

5

4 (if friction is excessive)

Question 11

what happens if friction is excessive

Answer 11

a callus forms

Question 12

what is dermatology

Answer 12

medical speciality that deals with diagnosing and treating skin disorders

Question 13

deepest layer
single layer of cells
where u can find stem cells
base layer

Answer 13

stratum basale

Question 14

provides strength and flexibility

8-10 rows

Answer 14

stratum spinosum

Question 15

transition layer (3-5 rows)
releases a lipid rich sealant (waterproof)

Answer 15

stratum granulosum

Question 16

3-5 rows of dead cells
found in fingers, palms, and soles only
not all over body

Answer 16

stratum lucidum

Question 17

25-30 rows of dead cells
contains second lipid layer
continuously shedding
callus occur here

Answer 17

stratum corneum

Question 18

process of replacement of skin cells

Answer 18

keratinization

Question 19

skin functions

Answer 19

thermoregulation 
protection
cutaneous sensations 
excretion
synthesis of vitamin D

Question 20

corpuscles of touch

free nerve endings

Answer 20

papillary layer

Question 21

connective tissue
collagen fiber bundles
elastic fibers

Answer 21

reticular region

Question 22

elastic and collagen fiber bundles provide?

Answer 22

strength, elasticity and extensibility

Question 23

ability to stretch

Answer 23

extensibility

Question 24

ability to return to original shape after stretching

Answer 24

elasticity

Question 25

epidermal ridges include?

Answer 25

increase friction

Question 26

accessory structures

Answer 26

hair, glands and nails,

Question 27

where do new hairs develop?

Answer 27

new hairs develop in the matrix of the bulb

Question 28

connected to hair follicles absent in palms and soles of feet produce sebum

Answer 28

sebaceous glands

Question 29

what does sebum do?

Answer 29

moisten hairs, soften skin, inhibits hair growth, rise to acne

Question 30

2 kinds of sudoriferous glands?

Answer 30

eccrine and apocrine

Question 31

sweat glands that excrete waste and regulate body temp

Answer 31

eccrine

Question 32

found in armpit and pubic regions | lays against hair follicle

Answer 32

apocrine

Question 33

ceruminous glands produce?

Answer 33

cerumen/wax

Question 34

functions of nails

Answer 34

grasping protection and scratching

Question 35

nails are?

Answer 35

hard keratinized epidermal cells

Question 36

tissue damage from excessive heat, electricity, radioactivity, or corrosive chemicals that destroys proteins in the exposed cells

Answer 36

burns

Question 37

burns destroy protection allowing for?

Answer 37

microbial invasion and infection loss of fluid loss of thermoregulation

Question 38

systemic effects of burns

Answer 38

``` 1 loss of H2O and plasma 2 bacterial infection 3 reduced circulation of blood 4 decreased production of urine 5 diminished immune responses ```

Question 39

surface epidermis only mild pain redness no blisters

Answer 39

first degree burn

Question 40

``` blisters epidermis and part of dermis blisters pain some skin functions lost ```

Answer 40

second degree burn

Question 41

charred black part of body destroys epidermis and dermis skin functions all lost

Answer 41

3rd degree burn

Question 42

skin cancer: who can be affected?

Answer 42

EVERYONE

Question 43

78% rarely metastasizes

Answer 43

basal cell carcinoma

Question 44

20% | variable tendency to metastasize

Answer 44

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 45

2% life threatening metastasizes rapidly

Answer 45

malignant melanoma

Question 46

ABCDE

Answer 46

``` asymmetrical border color diameter evolving ```

Question 47

risk factors for skin cancer

Answer 47

``` 1 skin type 2 sun exposure 3 family history 4 age 5 immunological status ```