Episode 7-Blood Type

Question 1

What are the four types of markers on RBCs?

Answer 1

Carbs, Proteins, GlycoProteins, GlycoLipids

Question 2

About how many different blood grouping systems are there? How many antigen types?

Answer 2

30 systems…600+ types

Question 3

What are the two most important blood group systems for transfusions?

Answer 3

ABO and Rhesus….”Ree-sis”

Question 4

What type of antigens are the ABO antigens?

Answer 4

Carbohydrate

Question 5

What is the most common blood type in the U.S.?

Answer 5

O+

Question 6

What is more common in the U.S.: Type A or Type B?

Answer 6

A is WAY more common (42%) then B (10%)

Question 7

Important Question: Do the recipient’s _________ react with the donor’s RBC ________? If the answer is YES, this is NOT a good match! If the answer is NO, then you have compatibility.

Answer 7

antibodies…..antigens

Question 8

What is the first result when there is a mismatch in blood type during a transfusion? What does this lead to?

Answer 8

Agglutination of the blood leads to Ischemia

Question 9

The Rh blood group system is _____ complex than ABO

Answer 9

more

Question 10

In all, there are ~50 Rh antigens but only 5 are common, name __, __, __, __ and __.

Answer 10

D, C, c, E and e

Question 11

The terms Rh positive is used for individuals who are Rhesus (__) positive and Rh negative for those who do not possess the Rhesus (__) antigen.

Answer 11

D….D

Question 12

What type is the TRUE universal donor?

Answer 12

O-

Question 13

What type is the TRUE universal recipient?

Answer 13

AB+

Question 14

What are the four “other” blood types we discussed? WITH their abbreviations…

Answer 14

Kell[K+/K-]….Duffy[Fy(a+b-)]…Lewis[Lewis(a+b-)]…..Kidd[Ss])

Question 15

Which transfusion reaction is concurrent with kidney failure?

Answer 15

Hemolytic (agglutinated cells get trapped in glomeruli)

Question 16

The _________ blood transfusion reaction is due to damaged blood products that release high levels of _______ leading to fever and chills; it is usually_____.

Answer 16

Non-hemolytic….cytokines…benign

Question 17

Which blood transfusion reaction is leads to rashes and itching and is usually benign?

Answer 17

Allergic

Question 18

What blood transfusion error can lead to pulmonary edema?

Answer 18

Volume Overload

Question 19

Which blood transfusion error can lead to endotoxemia and potentially septacemia? It is potentially FATAL!

Answer 19

Transfer of Bacteria in the blood

Question 20

What are the three tests used to verify blood before it is given to a recipient?

Answer 20

1.Blood Type 2.Antibody Screen 3.Cross-Match

Question 21

What is HDN? What Rhesus factor is the mother? What Rh factor is the father?

Answer 21

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn. The mother is Rh - and the father is Rh +

Question 22

What is given to the mother if she is pregnant with a second child to mask the child’s antigens? What are the trade names?

Answer 22

Rh Immune Globulin (RhoGAM, Gamulin)