Episodic memory Flashcards
(25 cards)
what are the two categories of amnesia?
retrograde
anterograde
retrograde amnesia
cannot recall events from their life before the critical event that affected their brain
anterograde amnesia
cannot form new memories after a critical event that affected their brain
true or false; someone can only have one type of amnsesia at a time
false; someone may have both retrograde and anterograde amnesia at the same time
what are the stages of memory
encoding
consolidation
retrieval
reconsolidation
what is encoding? What is it influenced by?
the first experience of an event
influenced by attention and perception
what is consolidation
strengthening of memory so it will endure over time
what is consolidation at the synaptic level
physiological
cascade of molecular/cellular mechanisms
completed in minutes-hours
present in all neurons that support memory across species
what is consolidation at the systems level
psychological
new experiences react with existing cognitive map
reorganization of memory across larger brain networks because of new experiences
what is retrieval
recalling of information from memory
what is reconsolidation
when memory is changed after retrieval
why can memory change after reconsolidation
memories become unstable when retrieved so that new information can be integrated before they are reconsolidated
what can the unstable state of retrieved memories cause
updated memories
false memories
what brain regions were damaged due to clive’s illness?
hippocampus
right medial temporal lobe
left medial and lateral temporal lobe
ventral PFC
fornix
what are temporal lobe regions important for
semantic memory
what is the vPFC important for
controlling emotion and behaviour
what is the fornix important for
structural connectivity with white matter tracts
connects hippocampus and hypothalamus
what were the consequences of Clive’s retrograde amnesia
no episodic recall
some semantic recall
functioning procedural memory
what were the consequences of Clive’s anterograde amnesia
no encoding of episodic memories
some encoding of new semantic memories
functioning but slow encoding of procedural memories
Clive has some recollection of memories. what type of memory is this likely to be?
associative (conditioned) memory
what underlies explicit self awareness
autonoetic consciousness
what is autoneotic consciousness
the ability to place ourselves in past or future situations
what does explicit self awareness allow us to do?
allows reflection on the contents of episodic memory
what does the word noetic mean
mental activity/ intellect
