Epithelial Tissue Terms

Question 1

Covers body surfaces and lines hollow organs, body cavities, and ducts; it also forms glands. Allows the body to interact with both its internal and external environments

Answer 1

Epithelial Tissue

Question 2

Detects changes in a variety of conditions inside and outside the body and responds by generating electrical signals called nerve impulses that activate muscular contractions and glandular secretions

Answer 2

Nervous Tissue

Question 3

Contact points between the plasma membranes of tissue cells

Answer 3

Cell junctions

Question 4

Weblike strands of transmembrane proteins that fuse together the outer surfaces of adjacent plasma membranes to seal off passageways between adjacent cells

Answer 4

Tight junctions

Question 5

Contain plaque, A dense layer of proteins on the inside of the plasma membrane that attaches both to membrane proteins and two microfilaments of the cytoskeleton

Answer 5

Adherens junctions

Question 6

Transmembrane glycoproteins that join the cells. Each one inserts into the plaque from the opposite side of the plasma membrane, partially crosses the intercellular space, and connects to cadherins of an adjacent cell

Answer 6

Cadherins

Question 7

Encircle the cell similar to the way a belt encircles your waist

Answer 7

Adhesion belts

Question 8

Contain plaque and have transmembrane glycoproteins that extend into the intercellular space between adjacent cell membranes and attach to one another

Answer 8

Desmosomes

Question 9

Resemble desmosomes, but do not link adjacent cells

Answer 9

Hemidesmosomes

Question 10

On the inside of the plasma membrane, Attach to intermediate filaments made of the protein keratin. On the outside of the plasma membrane, attach to the protein laminin which is present in the basement membrane

Answer 10

Integrins

Question 11

Allow The cells in a tissue to communicate with one another; also enable nerve or muscle impulses to spread rapidly among cells a process that is crucial for the normal operation of some parts of the nervous system and for the contraction of muscle in the heart gastrointestinal tract and uterus

Answer 11

Gap junctions

Question 12

Membrane proteins that form tiny fluid filled tunnels that connect neighboring cells

Answer 12

Connexins

Question 13

Consist of cells arranged in continuous sheets, in either single or multiple layers; serves as a selective barrier that limits or is the transfer of substances into and out of the body; a secretory surface that releases products produced by cells onto its free services; a protective services that resist the abrasive influences of the environment

Answer 13

Epithelial tissue/epithelium

Question 14

Faces the body surface, body cavity, the lumen of an internal organs or a tubular duct that receives cell secretions; May contain cilia or microvilli

Answer 14

Apical surface

Question 15

Face the adjacent cells on either side may contain tight junctions, adherens junctions, desmosomes, and/or gap junctions

Answer 15

Lateral surfaces

Question 16

Surfaces of the deepest layer of epithelial cells adhere to extracellular materials such as the basement membrane

Answer 16

Basal surface

Question 17

Thin, extracellular layer that only consist of two layers the basil lamina and reticular lamina; contains proteins such as laminin and collagen as well as glycoproteins

Answer 17

Basement membrane

Question 18

Relying on the blood vessels of the adjacent connective tissue to bring nutrients and remove waste

Answer 18

Avascular

Question 19

One of the two types of epithelial tissue; Makes up the secreting portion of glands such as the thyroid gland, adrenal glands and sweat glands

Answer 19

Glandular epithelium

Question 20

One of the two types of epithelial tissue; Forms the outer covering of the skin and some internal organs; also forms the inner lining of blood vessels, ducts and body cavities in the interior of the respiratory digestive urinary and reproductive systems

Answer 20

Covering and lining epithelium

Question 21

The production and release of substances such as mucus, sweat, or enzymes.

Answer 21

Secretion

Question 22

Intake of fluids or other substances such as digested food from the intestinal tract

Answer 22

Absorption

Question 23

Arrangement of layers

Answer 23

Simple, pseudostratified, and stratified

Question 24

Cell shape

Answer 24

Squamous, cuboidal, columnar

Question 25

May consist of a single cell or a group of cells that secrete substances into ducts, onto a surface, or into the blood in the absence of ducts

Answer 25

Gland

Question 26

Called hormones, enter the interstitial fluid and then diffuse directly into the bloodstream without flowing through a duct

Answer 26

Endocrine glands

Question 27

Secrets their products into ducts that empty onto the surface of a covering and lining epithelium such as the skin surface or the lumen of a hollow organ

Answer 27

Exocrine glands

Question 28

Single-celled glands. Goblet cells are an important kind of these because they secrete mucus directly onto the apical surface of a lining epithelium

Answer 28

Unicellular glands

Question 29

Composed of many cells that form a distinctive microscopic structure or macroscopic organ. Ex.) sweat, oil, and salivary glands

Answer 29

Multicellular glands

Question 30

Duct that does not branch

Answer 30

Simple gland

Question 31

duct branches

Answer 31

Compound gland

Question 32

Glands with tubular secretory parts

Answer 32

Tubular glands

Question 33

Ducts with rounded secretory portions

Answer 33

Acinar glands

Question 34

Ducts that have both tubular and more rounded secretory parts

Answer 34

Tubuloacinar glands

Question 35

Synthesized on ribosomes attached to Rough ER; processed, sorted, and packaged by the Golgi complex; released from the cell with exocytosis

Answer 35

Merocrine glands

Question 36

Accumulate their secretory product at the apical surface of the secreting cell; that portion of the cell pinches off with exocytosis from the rest of the cell to release secretion. Cell repairs itself and repeats process

Answer 36

Apocrine glands

Question 37

Accumulate a secretory product in their cytosol

Answer 37

Holocrine glands