Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Organ HIsto > Epithelium > Flashcards

Epithelium Flashcards

(68 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

General fxns of epithelium

A

Absorption
Secretion
Provide a barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two parts of the basement membrane

A

basal lamina- produced by epithelial cells

reticular lamina- produced by fibroblasts in CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which part does a partial basement membrane have?

A

basal lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Functions of a basement membrane

A
  1. provide a surface for epithelial cell attachment
  2. molecular filter
  3. limit stretch (prevents damage)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T/F epithelium is avascular

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how do epithelial cells obtain nutrition?

A

diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the functions of CT that epithelial cells are connected to

A

provide nutrition.

source of defensive cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Types of cell junctions (4)

A 
Zonula Occludens (aka tight junctions)
Zonula Adherens (aka adhesion belt)
Macula Adherens ( desmosomes)
Gap Junctions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Zonula Occludens (aka tight junctions)

A

these junctions involve the sharing of intrinsic membrane proteins between adjacent cells. Like a girdle around the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Fxns of Zonula Occludens

A

provide a strong attachment.

prevent the passage of materials between cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Zonula Adherens (aka adhesion belt)

A

these are regions consisting of cadherins (linking proteins) between cells and marginal bands (microfilaments) which attach the cytoskeleton to the cell membrane at these areas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Fxns of Zonula Adherens

A

Strong attachment.

provide cell structural stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Macula Adherens ( desmosomes) functions

A

provide strong attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Gap junctions

A

6 connexins arranged in a cylinder. The size of the openings can be controlled by the cell. A connexon = ! complete structure.

Osteocytes use gap junctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Fxns of gap junctions

A

strong attachment.

transport materials. ex) communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Junctional Complex

A

3 junctions in the following order beginning with the free cell surface:
Zonula Occludens
Zonula Adherens
Macula Adherens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is NOT considered part of a Junctional Complex

A

gap junctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Simple Squamous

A

A single layer of flattened cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

example locations of Simple Squamous

A

lung, parietal layer of the bowmans capsulein the kidney, serosa on the outside of organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Fxns of Simple Squamous

A

provides a barrier and a living filter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Simple Cuboidal

A

a single layer of cube shaped cells; nucleus occupies much of the cell cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

example locations of Simple Cuboidal

A

exocrine ducts, thyroid follicular cells, kidney tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

fxns of Simple Cuboidal

A

provide a barrier.
secretion.
absorption… in some locations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Simple Columnar

A

single cell layer that have height; more cytoplasm; rectangular in shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
example locations of Simple Columnar
stomach, small intestines, gallbladder, ;arger exocrine ducts
26
fxns of Simple Columnar
provide a barrier. secretion. absorption
27
Types of ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
goblet cells. ciliated columnar cells. basal cells
28
example locations of ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
trachea, respiratory region of nasal cavity, bronchi
29
Goblet Cells
modified columnar cells that produce mucus
30
ciliated columnar cells
columnar cells that contain cilia. which are anchored to the base of the basal bodies. the function to move mucus over the surface
31
basal cells
short pyramidal cells that does not reach the surface. they function to be the stem cell for ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
32
example locations of microvilli
kidney tubule cells, small intestines
33
example locations of stereocilia
cochlear hair cells
34
example locations of cilia
trachea, fallopian tube
35
glycocalyx
a surface layer of glycoproteins and carbohydrates that cover some epithelium. produced by epithelial cells.
36
fxns of glycocalyx
protection and call recognition
37
example locations of glycocalyx
stomach and small intestines
38
stratified squamous
multiple layer of calls that tend to flatten out from basal layer to superficial layer; superficial layer of cells are flat and alive.
39
example locations of stratified squamous
esophagus, oral cavity, tongue, vagina
40
function of stratified squamous
Protection from abrasion
41
Problems with stratified squamous
no protection fro drying, and they have a limited thickness so protection is limited.
42
Keratinized Stratified Squamous (aka epidermis)
multiple layer of calls that tend to flatten out from basal layer to superficial layer; superficial cell layer is covered by an added nonliving layer of keratin
43
Fxn of Keratinized Stratified Squamous
protection in a dry environment
44
stratified cuboidal example locations
larger ducts in sweat glands and salivary glands
45
function of stratified cuboidal cells
to increase protection
46
stratified columnar example locations
large ducts in pancreas, parts of the male urethra, conjunctiva of the eye
47
functions of stratified columnar cells
to increase protection and provide transition between epithelial types
48
how common is stratified columnar cells
Very Rare
49
Transitional (urinary)
= urothelium | multiple layer of cells
50
functions of Transitional cells
protection and to stretch
51
Specializations of Transitional cells
Thin fenestrated basement membrane. LArge rounded superficial cells. Well developed Zona Occludens
52
Psoriasis Vulgaris
``` patchy skin lesion. accelerated keratinocyte life cycle- 1 week cells accumulate in stratum corneum inflammation in dermal papillae cyclic and etiology is unknown ```
53
Freckles
spots with extra pigment. increase in melanin without an increase in melanocytes. tend to fade in winter and darken with sun exposure.
54
vitiligo
patches which lack melanocytes. | unknown cause but often associated with systemic disease
55
moles
aka naevi | discoloration due to a proliferation of melanocytes
56
malignant melanoma
melanocytes become mitotically active and invade dermis. very invasive and metastatic. treatment; surgery and chemotherapy
57
Albinism
Cause: melanocytes fail to produce melanin. | Most common form: tyrosinase is missing from melanocytes. it is a catalyst in the conversion of tyrosine to melanin
58
Acinus
smallest division of a gland; a group of cells surrounding a cavity
59
serous demilune
a small group of serous cells attached to a musus acinus
60
Myoepithelial cells
contractile cells with epithelium origin. these cells wrap around the acinus and sometimes the ducts in some exocrine glands
61
example locations of Myoepithelial cells
salivary and sweat glands; lacrimal glands; lactacting mammary glands
62
functions of Myoepithelial cells
assist secretion
63
serous glands
produce proteins | found in the pancreas, parotid gland, chief cells in stomach.
64
characteristics of Myoepithelial cells
trapezoid shaped, nucleus is typically round and noticeable, cells pick up stain
65
Mucus glands
produce mucus. | found in goblet cells, mucus cells in the stomach, minor salivary glands in tongue and palate
66
characteristics of mucus glands
typically stain light. nucleus is often flat and peripheral
67
mixed glands
produce serous and mucus. | found in sublingual glands and submandibular salivary glands
68
characteristics of mixed glands
serous demilunes are possible

Organ HIsto (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions