Epithilial tissue

Question 1

who introduced the word epithelium

Answer 1

ruysch

Question 2

general location

Answer 2

linings of organs and present as glands

Question 3

content between the cells

Answer 3

little intercellular material

Question 4

two surfaces of epithelial tissue

Answer 4

free and basal surface

Question 5

to what is the basal membrane attached to

Answer 5

acellular basement membrane

Question 6

function of basement membrane

Answer 6

provides elastic support

anchors epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue for nutrition

Question 7

function of free surface

Answer 7

to provide protection (either faces bodily fluid or faces the external environment )

Question 8

parts of basement membrane

Answer 8

basal lamina

reticular or fibrous lamina

Question 9

basal lamina

Answer 9

has the epithelial tissue to it

made of mucopolysaccharides and glycoprotiens

Question 10

fibrous lamina

Answer 10

attached to the connective tissue

made of collagen or reticular fibre secreted by the connective tissue

Question 11

general location of simple epithelium

Answer 11

lining for body cavities, ducts and tubes

Question 12

types of simple epithelium

Answer 12

squamous 
cuboidal 
columnar
ciliated
psuedostratified 
glandular

Question 13

pavement epithelium

Answer 13

squamous epithelium but know so becaus it is closely fitted with a single layer of irregular boundaried flattened cells
has polygonal view from above

Question 14

nuclei of epithelium (squamous)

Answer 14

central and flat

Question 15

location of squamous epithelium

Answer 15

walls of blood vessels
coelomic cavities 
alveoli
loop of henle for reabsorption 
bowmans capsule 
lymph vessels

Question 16

function of squamous cells

Answer 16

filtration in bowmans capsule
exchange of material between blood vessels and tissues
exchange of gases

Question 17

type of cells in cuboidal tissue

Answer 17

cubical cells with a central and rounded nuclei

Question 18

brushbordered cuboidal tissue

Answer 18

has microvilli which are small finger like projections

increases surface area by a lot

Question 19

location of brushbordered cuboidal tissue

Answer 19

proximal convoluted tube in nephrons

Question 20

germinal epithelium

Answer 20

testes and ovaries

produces gametes

Question 21

general location of cuboidal

Answer 21

ducts of glads, thyroid follicles, tubular parts of nephrons

Question 22

function of cuboidal

Answer 22

secretion and excretion of glands

reabsorption of useful substances (PCT)

Question 23

type of cells in columnar epithelium

Answer 23

Single layer of tall and Slender cells lying on a basement membrane and the nuclei are somewhat elevated Along the axis of the cell and lies near the base of the cell

Question 24

Goblet cells

Answer 24

mucus producing epithelium

Question 25

mucosa or mucous membrane

Answer 25

Epithelium containing mucus secreting cells along with underlying supporting connective tissue

Question 26

brush border epithelium columnar

Answer 26

The intestinal mucosa bearing microvilli which increase the absorptive surface area are called brush border columnar epithelium

Question 27

location of columnar epithelium

Answer 27

It is found in the lining of stomach and intestine

Question 28

function of columnar epithelium

Answer 28

Absorption and secretion

Question 29

intestinal juice or succus entericus

Answer 29

The secretion of the brush border cells of the mucosa along with the secretion of the Goblet cells constitutes the intestinal juice or succus entericus this juice contains enzyme such as walters life is die peptidases exercise help in the digestion of complex food materials into simple nutrients and are commonly called brush border enzymes

Question 30

ciliated epithelium

Answer 30

If the column Nora cuboidal cells with Celia which are hair like outgrowth on the free surface they are called ciliated epithelium the epithelium life over a basement membrane the number of Celia varies from one of you too numerous

Question 31

function of ciliated epithelium

Answer 31

The Seria remain in rhythmic motion and create a current to transport the materials which come in contact with them their function is to move particles or mucus in a specific direction over the epithelium

Question 32

ciliated cuboidal epitheliuma

Answer 32

Consists of cubical cells which have cilia on the free surface it occurs in smaller bronchioles in respiratory tract it helps in expelling the mucus and particles trapped in IT towards the pharynx

Question 33

ciliated columnar epithelium

Answer 33

It consists of columnar cells with Celia on the free surface this epithelium occurs in the inner surface of hollow organs like fallopian tubes which are known as oviduct and most of the respiratory tract additional e it helps in expelling the mucus and particles trapped in towards the pharynx

Question 34

pseudo stratified epithelium

Answer 34

Pseudostratified epithelium is a type of epithelium that do compromising only a single layer of cells has its nuclei position in a manner suggestive of stratified epithelium hence the name pseudo stratified or falsely multilayered

Question 35

structure of pseudostratified epithelium

Answer 35

It's cells are columnar but un equal in size the long cell extend upto the free surface the short cells do not reach me out of resurfaced the long sir have an oval nuclear however the short cells have rounded nuclear the mucus secreting Goblet cells also occur in this epithelium the nucleoli at different levels in different cells hence called pseudo stratified

Question 36

location of psuedotratified epithelium

Answer 36

pseudo stratified non ciliated columnar epithelium tissue is found in urethra of human male and the last ducts of certain glands that is the parotid salivary gland pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium is found in trachea and large bronchi

Question 37

simple tubular gland

Answer 37

Intestine example crypts of lieberkuhn

Question 38

simple alveolar where the terminal part forms alveolus

Answer 38

Mucous gland in skin of frog poison gland in toad

Question 39

simple coiledTubular

Answer 39

Sweat glands

Question 40

branched tubular

Answer 40

Gastric glands in stomach

Question 41

branched alveolar

Answer 41

Sebaceous glands

Question 42

compound tubular

Answer 42

Mammary glands of prototherians

Question 43

compound saccular alveolar gland

Answer 43

Salivary glands that is the sublingual and submaxillary

Question 44

compound tubuloalveolar or tubular sacculor

Answer 44

mammary glands pancreas parotid salivary gland cowper's gland bartholin gland

Question 45

holocrine glands

Answer 45

Sebaceous gland where the product of secretion is shared with the whole cell leading to its destruction

Question 46

merocrine gland

Answer 46

The pancreas salivary glands intestinal glands and sweat glands this is when the secretary granules leave the cell by exocytosis very simple diffusion with no loss of other cellular material

Question 47

apocrine glands

Answer 47

Mammary gland and axillary sweat glands only the apical portion of the cytoplasm is discharged along with the secretary product

Question 48

stratified non keratinized squamous epithelium

Answer 48

Covers most surfaces such as those of buccal cavity pharynx and oesophagus it has superficial layers of living squamous cells and deeper layers of intellect polygonal cells

Question 49

stratified keratinized squamous epithelium

Answer 49

Covers the dry surface of skin it has many superficial layers of horney scale like remains of dead squamous cells and several deeper layers of living polygonal cells heavy deposits of the insoluble protein keratin in the dead superficial cells make the epithelium impervious to water and highly resistant to mechanical abrasions

Question 50

tight junctions are the zonular occludens

Answer 50

Help to stop substances from leaking across the tissue the plasma membrane in the apical parts of the adjacent epithelial cells become tightly packed together or or even fuse to form the tight junctions

Question 51

interdigitation

Answer 51

These are inter fitting like processes of the cell membrane of the adjacent cells the increase the area of surface contact between the adjacent cells and therefore the adhesion

Question 52

intercellular bridges

Answer 52

These a minute projections that arise two adjacent cell membrane they make contact with one another

Question 53

gap junctions

Answer 53

Facilitate the cells to communicate with each other by connecting the cytoplasm of adjacent cells for Rapid transfer of iron small molecules and sometime is big molecules

Question 54

intermediate junctions or zonula adherens

Answer 54

These usually occurred just below tight junctions the intercellular space at this place is contains a clear low electron density fluid there is a dense plate or structure like structure on cytoplasmic side of each plasma membrane from which find microfilaments of actin and stained into the cytoplasm there is no intercellular filaments between the adjacent cell membranes there is a adhesive material at this point they probably serve anchoring function

Question 55

desmosomes or macular adherence

Answer 55

Perform cementing to keep the neighbouring cells together these are like zonula adherens but are thicker and stronger and disc like junctions their intracellular protein the plaque like structure are much thicker. the microfilaments which extend from black like structures into the cytoplasm are not a fact in but of Keratin like protein and these microfilaments are called tonofibrils desmosomes serve anchoring function

Question 56

hemidesmosomes

Answer 56

Like desmosomes but the thickening is on one side | join epithelial cells to basal lamina