EPPP

Question 1

Skinner

Answer 1

Operant Conditioning

Question 2

Pavlov

Answer 2

Classical conditioning, tone + meat powder

Question 3

Watson

Answer 3

Classical conditioning, Little Albert, white rat + loud noise, stimulus generalization

Question 4

Thorndike

Answer 4

Operant conditioning, Law of Effect, idea that if you do things and followed by pleasurable consequences, you do them more

Question 5

Classical conditioning

Answer 5

Pairing, two things are paired

Question 6

Operant conditioning

Answer 6

Reinforcement

Question 7

Unconditioned stimulus

Answer 7

Everyone responds same way without pairing, learning, training

Question 8

Conditioned stimulus

Answer 8

Something that’s been paired, not everyone responds that way

Question 9

Unconditioned response

Answer 9

Response to unconditioned stimulus

Question 10

Conditioned response

Answer 10

Response to conditioned stimulus (usually same response as unconditioned, but is from pairing not universal)

Question 11

Standard conditioning

Answer 11

Neutral or US unconditioned stimulus (bell) comes first, then CS conditoned stimulus (meat powder)

Question 12

Backward conditioning

Answer 12

Give CS first then US, will never learn

Question 13

Stimulus generalization

Answer 13

Associated with classical but happens in operant too, generalize from CS to similar CS or neutral without there being pairing

Question 14

Response generalization

Answer 14

Only operant conditioning, when do similar behavior to one that that you learned through reinforcment (.e.g train bird to peck wall, they peck ceiling)

Question 15

Classical extinction

Answer 15

Stop pairing, present CS without US (tone wiht no meat powder)

Question 16

Operant extinction

Answer 16

Stop reinforcing

Question 17

Habituation

Answer 17

Classical conditioning, habituating to the unconditioned stimulus (we cant always habitue to all US) e.g. if you live in noisy neighborhood, you habituate and no longer startle

Question 18

Satiation

Answer 18

Operant conditioning, too many rewards and we get full - e.g. moved in with your partner, get sick of beign together

Question 19

Positive reinforcement

Answer 19

Reward

Question 20

Positive punishment

Answer 20

Pain

Question 21

Negative reinforcement

Answer 21

Relief

Question 22

Negative punishment

Answer 22

Loss

Question 23

How to determine if negative/positive and reinforcement/punishment

Answer 23

1) What is target behavior? 2) Is something being added (positive) or taken away (negative)? 3) Will this behavior stop (punishment) or continue or increase (reinforcement)?

Question 24

What reinforcement schedule do people respond most to?

Answer 24

Variable ratio

Question 25

What reinforcement schedule do people respond least to?

Answer 25

Fixed interval

Question 26

Which reinforcement schedule is most resistant to extinction?

Answer 26

Variable ratio

Question 27

Which reinforcement schedule is least resistant to extinction?

Answer 27

Fixed interval

Question 28

Behavioral contrast

Answer 28

When two behaviors are originally reinforced and you stop reinforcing one, the one that is not reinforced goes down

Question 29

Premack Principle

Answer 29

Grandma's principle, high frequency behavior to reinforce low frequency behavior

Question 30

Reciprocal Determinism

Answer 30

Social learning theory, things interact with each other, reciprocal relationship between person/situation and behavior

Question 31

Central nervous system

Answer 31

Brain, spinal cord

Question 32

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 32

Everything leading out from brain/spinal cord

Question 33

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 33

Autonomic is automatic functioning, things that happen without deliberate, concious effort (digestion)

Question 34

Somatic nervous system

Answer 34

Ability to walk, raise hand, not automatic

Question 35

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 35

fight/flight part of autonomic

Question 36

Parasympathetic

Answer 36

the calming system